This report was made possible by The Pew Charitable Trusts. Pew Research Center is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts, its primary funder.
This report is a collaborative effort based on the input and analysis of the following individuals:
Primary researchers
Michael Barthel, Research Associate Galen Stocking, Research Associate Jesse Holcomb, Associate Director, Journalism Research Amy Mitchell, Director, Journalism Research
Research team
Elisa Shearer, Research Analyst Jeffrey Gottfried, Research Associate Kristine Lu, Research Assistant Mildred Miranda-Cruz, News Content Coders Andrew Small, News Content Coders Michaela Hoffman, News Content Coders
Editorial and graphic design
Margaret Porteus, Information Graphics Designer Shannon Greenwood, Copy Editor
Machine learning advisor
Solomon Messing, Director, Data Labs
Communications and web publishing
Shannon Greenwood, Assistant Digital Producer Rachel Weisel, Communications Associate
In addition, the report benefited from feedback provided by the following individuals: Alex Leavitt (PhD candidate, Annenberg School for Communication & Journalism, University of Southern California) and J. Nathan Matias (PhD candidate, Center for Civic Media in the MIT Media Lab and fellow at Harvard’s Berkman Center for Internet and Society). While the analysis was guided by our consultations with the advisers, the Pew Research Center is solely responsible for the interpretation and reporting of the data.