Acknowledgments

Table of Contents

Middle Class Fortunes in Western Europe
1. The middle class is large in many Western European countries, but it is losing ground in places
2. The financial well-being of income tiers varies across countries, and is evolving differently
3. Share of aggregate household income held by the middle class is falling in many Western European nations and the U.S.
Acknowledgments
Methodology
Appendix A: Data tables
Appendix B: Middle-income boundaries depend on household size and vary over time
Appendix C: Shares of adults who are lower, middle or upper income based on their gross household income
Appendix D: Income tiers defined using the U.S. median disposable household income
Appendix E: Income distributions
Appendix F: Changes in the shares of adults in lower-, middle- and upper-income tiers
Appendix G: Changes in disposable household incomes, by income tier

This report was written by Rakesh Kochhar, associate director, research. Jynnah Radford, Gustavo López and Antonio Flores, research assistants, number-checked the report and its graphics. Mark Hugo Lopez, director of Hispanic research, and James Bell, vice president for global strategy, provided editorial guidance. Michael Keegan, information graphics designer, created charts and tables. Shannon Greenwood and Travis Mitchell, digital producers, assisted with formatting and production. David Kent copy edited the report. Find related reports online at www.pewresearch.org/.