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    2. Income

    In arguing for the ratification of the U.S. Constitution, James Madison wrote in the Federalist Papers that “the most common and durable source of factions has been the various and unequal distribution of property.” Because the study of public opinion is often the study of the political factions in society, polls need to be able […]

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    Appendix B: Typology group creation and analysis

    Pew Research Center’s 2026 political typology divides the public into nine groups. The assignment of individuals to one of the nine groups is based on their responses to 30 questions about social and political values. The table below lists the items used in the construction of the typology groups. Items included in the typology construction […]

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    Methodology

    The American Trends Panel survey methodology Overview Data in this report comes from Wave 188 of the American Trends Panel (ATP), Pew Research Center’s nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. The survey was conducted March 2-15, 2026, among a sample of panelists who indicated that they work either full time or part time […]

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    Methodology

    The American Trends Panel survey methodology Overview Data in this report comes from Wave 187 of the American Trends Panel (ATP), Pew Research Center’s nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. The survey was conducted Feb. 17-23, 2026. A total of 5,119 panelists responded out of 5,854 who were sampled, for a survey-level response […]

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    Methodology

    The American Trends Panel survey methodology Overview Data in this report comes from Wave 182 of the American Trends Panel (ATP), Pew Research Center’s nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. The survey was conducted from Oct. 20 to 26, 2025. A total of 5,111 panelists responded out of 5,866 who were sampled, for […]

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    Methodology

    The American Trends Panel survey methodology Overview Data in this report comes from Wave 178 of the American Trends Panel (ATP), Pew Research Center’s nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. The survey was conducted Sept. 2-8, 2025. A total of 8,750 panelists responded out of 9,928 who were sampled, for a survey-level response […]

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    Methodology

    The American Trends Panel survey methodology Overview Data in this report comes from Wave 174 of the American Trends Panel (ATP), Pew Research Center’s nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. The survey was conducted June 16-29, 2025. A total of 6,871 panelists responded out of 12,032 who were sampled, for a survey-level response […]

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    Methodology

    The American Trends Panel survey methodology Overview Data in this report comes from Wave 181 of the American Trends Panel (ATP), Pew Research Center’s nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. The survey was conducted from Oct. 6 to Oct. 16, 2025. A total of 8,046 panelists responded out of 12,845 who were sampled, […]

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    Methodology

    The American Trends Panel survey methodology Overview Data in this report comes from Wave 177 of the American Trends Panel (ATP), Pew Research Center’s nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. The survey was conducted from Aug. 18 to 24, 2025. A total of 5,153 panelists responded out of 5,525 who were sampled, for […]

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