Sortable table: Religious diversity by country, 2010-2020
This sortable table shows religious diversity scores for countries and territories in 2010 and 2020.
Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World
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Search results for: “ethiopia”
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Methodology C: Definitions and concepts
This report presents estimates of the number of unauthorized immigrants in the United States as of July 2023 and for earlier years. These estimates supersede all previously published Pew Research Center estimates. This appendix provides details on how the estimates are rounded and definitions of various concepts used in the report. This methodology section is […]
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2. Harassment of religious groups returned to peak level in 2021
In 2021, religious groups faced harassment from governments or social groups and individuals in 190 out of the 198 countries and territories in our study. This was an increase from 2020 but the same number of countries as in 2019, marking a return to the peak level since this tracking began in 2007. Here’s a […]
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Religious Diversity Around the World
Singapore is the most religiously diverse country, and Yemen the least, as of 2020. The U.S. ranks first among nations with large populations.
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1. Migrants living in each region
Migrants tend to move to regions where their religion is common, but some regions also see large influxes of migrants from minority religious groups.
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Globally, Government Restrictions on Religion Reached Peak Levels in 2021, While Social Hostilities Went Down
In 2021, government restrictions on religion – laws, policies and actions by state officials that limit religious beliefs and practices – reached a new peak globally. Harassment of religious groups and interference in worship were two of the most common forms of government restrictions worldwide that year.
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In 2020, properties in 102 countries and territories were targeted in incidents tied to religion
In 2020, properties in 102 of the 198 countries and territories in the study were targeted in incidents tied to religion.
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4. Restrictions in the 25 most populous countries
CORRECTION (Dec. 19, 2025): Some of the text in Chapter 4 has been corrected with updated SHI figures for 2019. Germany is now described as experiencing a “modest decrease,” rather than a “large decline,” in its SHI score between 2019 and 2020. Refer to the errata page for details. More than 5 billion people – almost three-quarters of […]
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Methodology
This section describes the methods used to estimate religious composition at the country level, regionally and globally; our procedures for measuring religious groups’ demographic characteristics and their religious “switching” rates; as well as methodological challenges that we considered in some countries. The final section lists the 201 countries and territories that make up each of […]
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2. Physical harassment related to religion occurred in more than two-thirds of countries in 2020
Religious groups faced harassment by governments, social groups or individuals in 189 countries and territories in 2020. This was nearly the same as in 2019, when harassment of religious groups was reported in 190 countries and territories – the highest number since this tracking began in 2007. (These counts include all countries in which the […]
