Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World

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    2. Harassment of religious groups returned to peak level in 2021

    In 2021, religious groups faced harassment from governments or social groups and individuals in 190 out of the 198 countries and territories in our study. This was an increase from 2020 but the same number of countries as in 2019, marking a return to the peak level since this tracking began in 2007. Here’s a […]

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    Religious Diversity Around the World

    Singapore is the most religiously diverse country, and Yemen the least, as of 2020. The U.S. ranks first among nations with large populations.

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    1. Migrants living in each region

    Migrants tend to move to regions where their religion is common, but some regions also see large influxes of migrants from minority religious groups.

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    4. Restrictions in the 25 most populous countries

    CORRECTION (Dec. 19, 2025): Some of the text in Chapter 4 has been corrected with updated SHI figures for 2019. Germany is now described as experiencing a “modest decrease,” rather than a “large decline,” in its SHI score between 2019 and 2020. Refer to the errata page for details. More than 5 billion people – almost three-quarters of […]

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    Methodology

    This section describes the methods used to estimate religious composition at the country level, regionally and globally; our procedures for measuring religious groups’ demographic characteristics and their religious “switching” rates; as well as methodological challenges that we considered in some countries. The final section lists the 201 countries and territories that make up each of […]

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