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    Table: Percentage of Congressmen by Religious Affiliation

    Display: Number | Percentage Religion 87th 91st 96th 101st 106th 111th 112th 113th 114th Net change (’61-’62) (’69-’71) (’79-’80) (’89-’90) (’99-’00) (’09-’10) (’11-’12) (’13-’14) (’15-’16) 87th-114th Protestant 74.8% 70.9% 63.7% 60.7% 59.0% 55.1% 57.4% 56.1% 57.2% -17.6% Baptist 11.7% 9.9% 10.3% 10.3% 13.1% 12.4% 12.7% 13.7% 14.8% +3.1% Methodist 18.2% 16.5% 14.6% 14.6% 12.0% 10.7% […]

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    Chapter 3: Religious Beliefs

    For more recent survey data about religion in Latin America, read our 2026 report “Catholicism Has Declined in Latin America Over the Past Decade.” The Pew Research survey finds that nearly all Catholics and Protestants in most Latin American countries believe in God. In a number of countries, most of those who are unaffiliated with any religion also say […]

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    Appendix B: Glossary

    Afro-Caribbean/Afro-Brazilian/indigenous religions Traditions that combined African beliefs and practices, which initially were brought to the Caribbean and South America by African slaves, with religious beliefs and practices that were native to the region. Examples include Candomblé, Santeria and Umbanda. Candomblé Religion based on African beliefs that is very popular in Brazil. The religion mixes traditional […]

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    Chapter 6: Views on the Economy and Poverty

    For more recent survey data about religion in Latin America, read our 2026 report “Catholicism Has Declined in Latin America Over the Past Decade.” On the whole, Latin Americans embrace free-market principles. Majorities in most countries surveyed say that people are better off in a free-market economy. Yet majorities in half of the countries point to the gap between […]

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    Appendix A: Methodology

    The survey was conducted via face-to-face interviews under the direction of Princeton Survey Research Associates International in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and Panama, and Ipsos Public Affairs in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Uruguay and Venezuela. The survey is based on samples of […]

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    Chapter 4: Pentecostalism

    For more recent survey data about religion in Latin America, read our 2026 report “Catholicism Has Declined in Latin America Over the Past Decade.” Many Christians in Latin America identify with Pentecostalism and related movements. Pentecostals take their name from the biblical feast of Pentecost (originally the Jewish festival of Shavuot, which took place 50 days after Passover), when […]

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    Event Transcript: Religion in Latin America

    Latin America is home to more than 425 million Catholics – nearly 40% of the world’s total Catholic population – and the Roman Catholic Church now has a Latin American pope for the first time in its history. Yet identification with Catholicism has declined throughout the region, according to a major new Pew Research Center […]

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    History of Clergy in Congress

    Seven ordained ministers hold seats in the new Congress – one more than the number in the very first U.S. Congress (1789-1791).[1. Figures for the number of clergy serving in the first Congress come from the National Constitution Center in Philadelphia.] But because Congress was a much smaller body in the late 18th century than […]