The United States at 250: How the Country Has Changed in the Past 50 Years
As America turns 250, explore how demographics, work, family and economics have shifted since 1976, based on 50 years of Census data.
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As America turns 250, explore how demographics, work, family and economics have shifted since 1976, based on 50 years of Census data.
How the U.S. government measures race has changed substantially since censuses began in 1790. Today, Americans differ on whether the government should ask about race.
The American Trends Panel survey methodology Overview Data in this report comes from Wave 174 of the American Trends Panel (ATP), Pew Research Center’s nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. The survey was conducted from June 16 to June 29, 2025. A total of 6,871 panelists responded out of 12,032 who were sampled, […]
This data essay was written by Ziyao Tian, research associate, Mark Hugo Lopez, director of race and ethnicity research, Jeffrey Passel, senior demographer, and Jens Manuel Krogstad, former senior writer/editor. The essay and the accompanying digital features were produced by Sara Atske, digital producer. Nick Zanetti, associate engineer, built the essay’s interactivity. John Carlo Mandapat, […]
Racial categories, which have been on every U.S. census, have changed from decade to decade, reflecting the politics and science of the times.
In this Q&A, we speak with Senior Demographer Jeffrey S. Passel about how the Center estimates the number of unauthorized immigrants in the U.S.
As a shop that studies human behavior through surveys and other social scientific techniques, we have a good line of sight into the contradictory nature of human preferences. Here’s a look at how we categorize our survey participants in ways that enhance our understanding of how people think and behave.
In this piece, we demonstrate how to conduct age-period-cohort analysis, a statistical tool, to determine the effects of generation.
When we have the data to study groups of similarly aged people over time, we won’t always default to using the standard generational definitions and labels, like Gen Z, Millennials or Baby Boomers.
It can be useful to talk about generations, but generational categories are not scientifically defined and labels can lead to stereotypes and oversimplification.
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