Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World

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    3. Teens’ friendships and emotional support networks

    Friendships play a large role in many teens’ lives. Relationships with friends can also be a predictor of long-term outcomes for teens, including the quality of their adult relationships and work performance. We asked U.S. teens a few questions about their friend networks, and more specifically, whether they can turn to these networks for emotional […]

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    2024 National Public Opinion Reference Survey Methodology

    Summary SSRS conducted the National Public Opinion Reference Survey (NPORS) for Pew Research Center using address-based sampling and a multimode protocol. The survey was fielded from Feb. 1, 2024, to June 10, 2024. Participants were first mailed an invitation to complete an online survey. A paper survey was later mailed to those who did not […]

  • report

    2.  The annual earnings of older workers

    Today, the average annual earnings of older workers lag behind those of younger workers, but the gap is nowhere near what it once was. In 1964, the average annual earnings of workers ages 65 and older were 19% of the average earnings of workers ages 25 to 64: $5,200 vs. $26,900, respectively. (Figures in this […]

  • report

    Methodology

    The American Trends Panel survey methodology Overview Data in this report comes from Wave 178 of the American Trends Panel (ATP), Pew Research Center’s nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. The survey was conducted Sept. 2-8, 2025. A total of 8,750 panelists responded out of 9,928 who were sampled, for a survey-level response […]

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    Methodology A: Unauthorized immigrant estimates

    This report presents estimates of the number of unauthorized immigrants in the United States as of July 2023 and for previous years back to 1990. These estimates supersede all previously published Pew Research Center estimates. Although this report draws largely on U.S. Census Bureau surveys, our estimates generally will not agree exactly with data published by […]

  • report

    Appendix C: Codebook

    Below are the instructions given to researchers who coded the responses to the open-ended question. Keywords listed with each code represent examples indicating how a unit of information could be coded and are not a complete list of all concepts per code. We asked respondents in 24 countries what they think would help improve the […]

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    How Americans are feeling about their finances as they age

    Amid a dwindling Social Security retirement trust and increased national life expectancy, many Americans are uncertain about their financial future. Four-in-ten U.S. adults say they aren’t confident they’ll have enough income and assets to last throughout their retirement years or say they won’t be able to retire at all. Only about a quarter (26%) are […]

  • report

    Methodology

    The American Trends Panel survey methodology Overview Data in this report comes from Wave 158 of the American Trends Panel (ATP), Pew Research Center’s nationally representative panel of randomly selected U.S. adults. The survey was conducted from Oct. 21 to 27, 2024. A total of 9,593 panelists responded out of 10,612 who were sampled, for […]

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