NATO Viewed Favorably Across 13 Member Nations
Ahead of the June 2025 NATO summit, international views of Putin and Russia remain negative, while Zelenskyy gets mixed ratings overall.
Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World
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Government Restrictions on Religion Stayed at Peak Levels Globally in 2022
Long-term analysis of 198 countries and territories shows government restrictions on religion and social hostilities toward religious groups go hand in hand.
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How people around the world view same-sex marriage
Among the 32 places surveyed, support for legal same-sex marriage is highest in Sweden, where 92% of adults favor it, and lowest in Nigeria, where only 2% back it.
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Appendix A: National identity index
We created a scale to examine how the boundaries of national identity are viewed at a country level. The index combines responses for the four dimensions of national identity included in the survey: being born in the country, being able to speak the country’s most common language, sharing the nation’s customs and traditions, and being […]
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Language and Traditions Are Considered Central to National Identity
Across more than 20 countries surveyed, a median of 91% say being able to speak their country’s most common language is important for being considered a true national. And 81% say sharing their country’s customs and traditions is important for true belonging.
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Representative Democracy Remains a Popular Ideal, but People Around the World Are Critical of How It’s Working
A 24-country survey finds a median of 59% are dissatisfied with how their democracy is functioning, and 74% think elected officials don’t care what people like them think.
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1. Attitudes toward different types of government systems
Respondents in 24 countries were asked about different forms of governance, including representative democracy, direct democracy, autocracy, technocracy and military rule. Views on representative democracy Elements of representative democracy are present in each of the countries surveyed. And although many express dissatisfaction with the way democracy is working in their country, majorities in all of […]
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2. Views about political representation
Our survey finds that many people worldwide see room for improvement when it comes to how political parties, and especially elected officials, represent them. A median of just over four-in-ten say there is no political party in their country that represents their views, and very few feel elected officials care what people like them think. […]
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Taiwan seen more favorably than not across 24 countries
A median of 48% of people across the 24 countries have a favorable view of Taiwan, compared with a median of 28% who have an unfavorable view.
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Appendix A: Coding methodology
This Pew Research Center analysis on views of how to improve democracy uses data from nationally representative surveys conducted in 24 countries. For non-U.S. data, this analysis draws on nationally representative surveys of 27,285 adults conducted from Feb. 20 to May 22, 2023. Surveys were conducted over the phone with adults in Canada, France, Germany, […]
