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    Appendix B: Glossary

    Fiqh Islamic jurisprudence based on the study of the Quran, the sunna and other sources. Several legal schools of Islamic jurisprudence have been developed over the centuries. The most commonly practiced and referenced today include four major Sunni schools – Hanafi, Shafi, Maliki and Hanbali – and the Shia Jafari school. Hadith Sayings or deeds […]

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    The World’s Muslims: Religion, Politics and Society

    A new survey report looks at attitudes among Muslims in 39 countries on a wide range of topics, from science to sharia, polygamy to popular culture. The survey finds that overwhelming percentages of Muslims in many countries want Islamic law to be the official law of their land, but there is also widespread support for democracy and religious freedom.

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    Conference Call Alert: Pew Research Center to Discuss New Report on Social and Political Attitudes of Muslims Worldwide

    Washington, D.C. — In a 12:00 p.m. EDT conference call for journalists on Tuesday, April 30, 2013, the Pew Research Center will discuss the findings of its new study, “The World’s Muslims: Religion, Politics and Society.” This comprehensive report examines the views of Muslims around the world on Islamic law (sharia), religion and politics, morality […]

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    New Pew Research Study Examines Social and Political Attitudes of Muslims Worldwide

    Washington, D.C. — A new Pew Research Center survey of Muslims around the globe finds that most adherents of the world’s second-largest religion are deeply committed to their faith and want its teachings to shape not only their personal lives but also their societies and politics. In all but a handful of the 39 countries […]

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    Table: Religious Diversity Index Scores by Country

    For more recent statistics about global religious diversity, read our 2026 report “Religious Diversity Around the World,” which is based on our religious composition estimates published in 2025. Download table as: Excel The Religious Diversity Index (RDI) Table is based on the index scores in Global Religious Diversity. For more information on how we calculated these scores, […]

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    Chapter 2: Intermarriage and Other Demographics

    The survey suggests that intermarriage is common among Jews; 44% of all currently married Jewish respondents – and 58% of those who have married since 2005 – indicate they are married to a non-Jewish spouse. The survey also shows that in some important respects, U.S. Jews have a distinctive demographic profile: They are older than […]

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    Chapter 6: Social and Political Views

    Jews are among the most strongly liberal, Democratic groups in U.S. politics. There are more than twice as many self-identified Jewish liberals as conservatives, while among the general public, this balance is nearly reversed. In addition, about seven-in-ten Jews identify with or lean toward the Democratic Party. Jews are more supportive of President Barack Obama […]

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