Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Age distribution among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who are ages…
Chart
Table
Share
Political ideology
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
Conservative
13%
32%
31%
24%
11,042
Moderate
20%
33%
28%
19%
8,017
Liberal
21%
35%
27%
17%
4,239
Don't know
21%
34%
25%
20%
1,222
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who are…
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Table
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Political ideology
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
Conservative
8%
10%
27%
37%
16%
2%
11,042
Moderate
13%
13%
28%
33%
12%
1%
8,017
Liberal
13%
15%
28%
33%
11%
1%
4,239
Don't know
12%
15%
27%
30%
14%
1%
1,222
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who are…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
Men
Women
Sample size
Conservative
49%
51%
11,260
Moderate
43%
57%
8,162
Liberal
41%
59%
4,301
Don't know
39%
61%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who identify as…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
Conservative
73%
10%
1%
13%
3%
11,112
Moderate
65%
13%
2%
16%
4%
8,086
Liberal
53%
18%
2%
24%
4%
4,258
Don't know
54%
18%
1%
21%
6%
1,281
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who are…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
Conservative
11%
7%
81%
11,177
Moderate
13%
10%
77%
8,085
Liberal
21%
11%
68%
4,245
Don't know
21%
7%
72%
1,242
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who have a household income of…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
Conservative
31%
21%
30%
18%
9,704
Moderate
34%
21%
27%
18%
7,176
Liberal
44%
20%
22%
15%
3,869
Don't know
56%
20%
18%
6%
867
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who have completed…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
Conservative
44%
32%
16%
8%
11,215
Moderate
39%
33%
17%
11%
8,138
Liberal
45%
29%
15%
12%
4,277
Don't know
58%
30%
7%
4%
1,268
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who are…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
Conservative
59%
4%
12%
8%
16%
11,221
Moderate
49%
6%
13%
8%
23%
8,136
Liberal
43%
9%
16%
7%
25%
4,283
Don't know
45%
6%
15%
10%
23%
1,298
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Parent of children under 18 among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who are…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
Conservative
30%
70%
11,216
Moderate
30%
70%
8,137
Liberal
31%
69%
4,290
Don't know
29%
71%
1,308
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in God among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who say they…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
Conservative
84%
13%
2%
1%
1%
< 1%
11,260
Moderate
73%
22%
3%
1%
1%
1%
8,162
Liberal
64%
27%
5%
1%
2%
1%
4,301
Don't know
78%
15%
3%
2%
< 1%
2%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who say religion is…
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Table
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Political ideology
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
77%
19%
3%
1%
< 1%
11,260
Moderate
61%
30%
7%
2%
< 1%
8,162
Liberal
57%
31%
8%
3%
1%
4,301
Don't know
72%
20%
4%
2%
2%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who attend religious services…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
56%
30%
13%
< 1%
11,260
Moderate
42%
41%
17%
< 1%
8,162
Liberal
36%
41%
23%
< 1%
4,301
Don't know
46%
31%
20%
3%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who pray…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
75%
15%
4%
6%
1%
11,260
Moderate
62%
20%
6%
11%
1%
8,162
Liberal
59%
20%
6%
13%
< 1%
4,301
Don't know
69%
13%
5%
9%
3%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who attend prayer group…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
40%
12%
10%
39%
1%
11,260
Moderate
25%
11%
10%
54%
1%
8,162
Liberal
23%
11%
9%
57%
< 1%
4,301
Don't know
36%
9%
7%
46%
3%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who meditate…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
48%
7%
3%
40%
2%
11,260
Moderate
41%
9%
5%
44%
1%
8,162
Liberal
44%
9%
5%
41%
2%
4,301
Don't know
46%
6%
3%
39%
6%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
71%
13%
7%
8%
1%
11,260
Moderate
61%
16%
11%
11%
1%
8,162
Liberal
59%
15%
11%
14%
1%
4,301
Don't know
62%
12%
7%
14%
6%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
46%
16%
11%
25%
2%
11,260
Moderate
42%
17%
15%
25%
1%
8,162
Liberal
47%
16%
13%
23%
1%
4,301
Don't know
42%
11%
9%
30%
7%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
Chart
Table
Share
Political ideology
Religion
Philosophy/reason
Common sense
Science
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
55%
5%
33%
4%
2%
11,260
Moderate
35%
9%
48%
6%
2%
8,162
Liberal
29%
12%
47%
10%
2%
4,301
Don't know
46%
4%
40%
4%
5%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who say…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
51%
46%
1%
1%
11,260
Moderate
30%
68%
1%
1%
8,162
Liberal
23%
74%
1%
1%
4,301
Don't know
35%
58%
3%
4%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who read scripture…
Chart
Table
Share
Political ideology
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
54%
11%
8%
26%
1%
11,260
Moderate
38%
13%
10%
39%
1%
8,162
Liberal
35%
12%
10%
43%
< 1%
4,301
Don't know
47%
9%
7%
33%
3%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who say the holy scripture is…
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Table
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Political ideology
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
Conservative
49%
32%
4%
10%
5%
11,260
Moderate
30%
38%
2%
22%
7%
8,162
Liberal
30%
28%
2%
32%
8%
4,301
Don't know
44%
22%
9%
14%
12%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who …in heaven
Chart
Table
Share
Political ideology
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Conservative
88%
6%
6%
11,260
Moderate
86%
9%
5%
8,162
Liberal
81%
13%
6%
4,301
Don't know
80%
8%
11%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who …in hell
Chart
Table
Share
Political ideology
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Conservative
78%
15%
8%
11,260
Moderate
67%
25%
8%
8,162
Liberal
61%
31%
8%
4,301
Don't know
62%
25%
13%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who identify as…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
Conservative
66%
12%
23%
11,260
Moderate
34%
16%
49%
8,162
Liberal
15%
16%
69%
4,301
Don't know
14%
59%
27%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who would rather have…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
Smaller government; fewer services
Bigger government; more services
Depends
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
70%
26%
2%
2%
11,260
Moderate
51%
42%
4%
4%
8,162
Liberal
28%
65%
3%
3%
4,301
Don't know
35%
46%
7%
12%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who say government aid to the poor…
Chart
Table
Share
Political ideology
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
64%
31%
4%
2%
11,260
Moderate
41%
53%
4%
2%
8,162
Liberal
29%
67%
3%
1%
4,301
Don't know
39%
47%
8%
7%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who say abortion should be…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
30%
66%
4%
11,260
Moderate
55%
41%
4%
8,162
Liberal
64%
32%
4%
4,301
Don't know
38%
50%
12%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who say homosexuality…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
38%
54%
5%
4%
11,260
Moderate
66%
26%
4%
3%
8,162
Liberal
73%
22%
3%
3%
4,301
Don't know
45%
38%
7%
10%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who …same-sex marriage
Chart
Table
Share
Political ideology
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
26%
66%
8%
11,260
Moderate
56%
36%
8%
8,162
Liberal
66%
27%
6%
4,301
Don't know
35%
45%
19%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who say…
Chart
Table
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Political ideology
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
56%
38%
2%
3%
11,260
Moderate
34%
61%
2%
3%
8,162
Liberal
26%
69%
1%
3%
4,301
Don't know
37%
47%
6%
11%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among Christians by political ideology
% of Christians who say humans…
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Table
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Political ideology
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
Conservative
14%
26%
3%
53%
5%
11,260
Moderate
25%
33%
4%
34%
4%
8,162
Liberal
33%
30%
4%
29%
4%
4,301
Don't know
16%
21%
7%
43%
13%
1,325
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.