Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among 18-29 year olds by religious group
% of 18-29 year olds who …in heaven
Chart
Table
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Religious tradition
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Catholic
86%
10%
4%
890
Evangelical Protestant
91%
6%
4%
1,092
Historically Black Protestant
96%
4%
< 1%
298
Jewish
51%
41%
8%
104
Mainline Protestant
86%
9%
5%
586
Mormon
97%
2%
1%
114
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")
38%
54%
9%
2,003
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who are…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
Believe
63%
37%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
3,644
Don't believe
62%
38%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
1,564
Other/don't know
61%
39%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who are…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
Men
Women
Sample size
Believe
48%
52%
3,644
Don't believe
58%
42%
1,564
Other/don't know
50%
50%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who identify as…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Heaven
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
Believe
52%
17%
5%
21%
5%
3,620
Don't believe
62%
6%
10%
18%
4%
1,551
Other/don't know
63%
4%
5%
20%
9%
328
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who are…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
Believe
15%
16%
69%
3,590
Don't believe
16%
18%
66%
1,552
Other/don't know
12%
18%
70%
328
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who have a household income of…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
Believe
44%
21%
23%
11%
3,188
Don't believe
35%
22%
25%
17%
1,420
Other/don't know
47%
20%
17%
15%
283
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who have completed…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
Believe
45%
40%
12%
4%
3,636
Don't believe
35%
39%
20%
6%
1,562
Other/don't know
37%
43%
16%
4%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who are…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
Believe
17%
12%
3%
< 1%
68%
3,637
Don't believe
11%
13%
3%
< 1%
72%
1,560
Other/don't know
18%
12%
2%
< 1%
68%
334
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Parent of children under 18 among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who are…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
Believe
26%
74%
3,635
Don't believe
12%
88%
1,563
Other/don't know
19%
81%
335
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in God among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who say they…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
Believe
66%
25%
6%
< 1%
2%
1%
3,644
Don't believe
15%
15%
13%
< 1%
53%
4%
1,564
Other/don't know
32%
18%
17%
1%
14%
18%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who say religion is…
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Table
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Belief in Heaven
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
53%
33%
10%
4%
< 1%
3,644
Don't believe
10%
17%
28%
45%
< 1%
1,564
Other/don't know
20%
31%
25%
21%
2%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who attend religious services…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
35%
42%
22%
< 1%
3,644
Don't believe
7%
26%
67%
< 1%
1,564
Other/don't know
16%
32%
51%
1%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who pray…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Heaven
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
53%
22%
8%
17%
< 1%
3,644
Don't believe
14%
6%
5%
75%
< 1%
1,564
Other/don't know
27%
12%
6%
53%
1%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who attend prayer group…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
23%
14%
10%
53%
< 1%
3,644
Don't believe
5%
4%
5%
87%
< 1%
1,564
Other/don't know
13%
7%
6%
72%
2%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who meditate…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
30%
10%
4%
56%
1%
3,644
Don't believe
25%
12%
6%
57%
1%
1,564
Other/don't know
31%
7%
5%
56%
1%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
55%
19%
11%
14%
1%
3,644
Don't believe
38%
20%
9%
31%
1%
1,564
Other/don't know
46%
17%
9%
25%
3%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
44%
20%
12%
23%
1%
3,644
Don't believe
54%
18%
11%
16%
< 1%
1,564
Other/don't know
59%
19%
9%
11%
2%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Heaven
Religion
Philosophy/reason
Common sense
Science
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
32%
13%
45%
8%
2%
3,644
Don't believe
6%
22%
50%
21%
1%
1,564
Other/don't know
12%
24%
47%
13%
4%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who say…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
26%
73%
1%
1%
3,644
Don't believe
16%
83%
< 1%
< 1%
1,564
Other/don't know
18%
78%
2%
2%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who read scripture…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
34%
15%
9%
41%
< 1%
3,644
Don't believe
9%
6%
7%
79%
< 1%
1,564
Other/don't know
18%
6%
9%
66%
1%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who say the holy scripture is…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
28%
39%
2%
26%
5%
3,644
Don't believe
4%
7%
< 1%
85%
4%
1,564
Other/don't know
9%
14%
2%
57%
18%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who …in hell
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Heaven
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
79%
18%
3%
3,644
Don't believe
6%
93%
1%
1,564
Other/don't know
14%
23%
64%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who identify as…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Heaven
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
Believe
37%
20%
43%
3,644
Don't believe
20%
20%
60%
1,564
Other/don't know
28%
34%
39%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Heaven
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
31%
38%
24%
8%
3,644
Don't believe
14%
33%
46%
7%
1,564
Other/don't know
18%
38%
32%
13%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who would rather have…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Heaven
Smaller government; fewer services
Bigger government; more services
Depends
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
42%
54%
1%
3%
3,644
Don't believe
46%
49%
3%
3%
1,564
Other/don't know
42%
43%
5%
9%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who say government aid to the poor…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
44%
52%
3%
1%
3,644
Don't believe
33%
62%
3%
1%
1,564
Other/don't know
38%
53%
6%
3%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who say abortion should be…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
46%
51%
2%
3,644
Don't believe
78%
20%
2%
1,564
Other/don't know
61%
33%
6%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who say homosexuality…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Heaven
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
70%
25%
3%
2%
3,644
Don't believe
91%
7%
1%
2%
1,564
Other/don't know
80%
12%
6%
3%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who …same-sex marriage
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Heaven
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
63%
32%
5%
3,644
Don't believe
88%
9%
2%
1,564
Other/don't know
77%
15%
8%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who say…
Chart
Table
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Belief in Heaven
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
37%
60%
2%
2%
3,644
Don't believe
22%
75%
2%
2%
1,564
Other/don't know
33%
56%
3%
9%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among 18-29 year olds by belief in heaven
% of 18-29 year olds who say humans…
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Belief in Heaven
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
30%
32%
3%
32%
2%
3,644
Don't believe
76%
10%
3%
10%
1%
1,564
Other/don't know
53%
12%
9%
18%
8%
336
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.