Pew Research Center received invaluable advice in developing the questionnaire from Amanda Lenhart, Program Director, Health and Data, Data & Society, and Michael J. Rosenfeld, Professor of Sociology, Stanford University.

This report is a collaborative effort based on the input and analysis of the following individuals. Find related reports online at pewresearch.org/pewresearch-org/social-trends

Kim Parker, Director, Social Trends Research Lee Rainie, Director, Internet and Technology Research Juliana Horowitz, Associate Director, Research Monica Anderson, Associate Director, Research Anna Brown, Research Associate Deja Thomas, Research Assistant Jesse Bennett, Research Assistant Emily A. Vogels, Research Associate Erica Turner, Former Research Intern Aaron Smith, Director, Data Labs Andrew Perrin, Research Analyst Tanya Arditi, Communications Manager Gar Meng Leong, Communications Associate Colin Lahiff, Former Communications Associate Travis Mitchell, Copy Editor and Digital Producer Michael Keegan, Senior Information Graphics Designer

In addition, the project benefited greatly from the guidance of Pew Research Center’s methodology team: Courtney Kennedy, Andrew Mercer, Nick Bertoni, Joshua Ferno, Dorene Asare-Marfo, Nick Hatley and Arnold Lau, as well as from feedback by the following Pew Research Center staff: Jeffrey Gottfried, Baxter Oliphant, Dennis Quinn and Rachel Weisel.