These estimates of unauthorized immigrant populations in 182 metropolitan areas were derived from a sample of census data, so they have a margin of error. The margins of error are included here as a rough guide to the possible range of the estimates. For example, the estimate of 25,000 for Albuquerque could range from 15,000 to 35,000.
Unauthorized immigrants include people who either crossed the border illegally or overstayed their visas. For more, read “20 metro areas are home to six-in-ten unauthorized immigrants in U.S.” Additional notes can be found at the bottom of the table.
| Unauthorized immigrant % of ... |
Rank of unauthorized immigrant population |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metro area | Estimate, 2016 | Margin of error, 2016 | Estimate, 2007 | 2007 to 2016 change | Total, 2016 | Foreign born, 2016 | 2016 | 2007 |
| U.S. total | 10,700,000 | +/-190,000 | 12,200,000 | -1,550,000 | 3.3% | 24% | ||
| Akron, OH | <5,000 | +/-4,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 0.5% | 12% | 159 | 162 |
| Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY | 5,000 | +/-5,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 0.7% | 8% | 145 | 126 |
| Albuquerque, NM | 25,000 | +/-10,000 | 30,000 | Not sig. | 2.8% | 31% | 59 | 54 |
| Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ | 15,000 | +/-10,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 1.7% | 17% | 87 | 109 |
| Amarillo, TX | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 5.0% | 40% | 96 | 106 |
| Anchorage, AK | <5,000 | +/-5,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 0.3% | 4% | 172 | 151 |
| Ann Arbor, MI | 5,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 1.6% | 12% | 144 | 119 |
| Asheville, NC | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | N/A | N/A | 2.3% | 47% | 100 | N/A |
| Athens-Clarke County, GA | N/A | N/A | 5,000 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 136 |
| Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA* | 275,000 | +/-20,000 | 300,000 | Not sig. | 4.9% | 34% | 8 | 9 |
| Atlantic City-Hammonton, NJ | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 15,000 | Not sig. | 5.1% | 27% | 91 | 97 |
| Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | <5,000 | 5,000 | 2.2% | 39% | 102 | 152 |
| Austin-Round Rock, TX | 100,000 | +/-15,000 | 110,000 | Not sig. | 4.7% | 32% | 19 | 20 |
| Bakersfield, CA | 45,000 | +/-10,000 | 55,000 | Not sig. | 5.0% | 24% | 39 | 35 |
| Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD | 65,000 | +/-10,000 | 55,000 | Not sig. | 2.3% | 22% | 27 | 36 |
| Barnstable Town, MA | 5,000 | +/-3,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 2.2% | 28% | 147 | 165 |
| Baton Rouge, LA | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 5,000 | 5,000 | 1.6% | 42% | 92 | 135 |
| Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 3.1% | 39% | 97 | 113 |
| Bellingham, WA | 5,000 | +/-4,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 3.2% | 26% | 125 | 153 |
| Birmingham-Hoover, AL | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 20,000 | -5,000 | 1.2% | 34% | 90 | 77 |
| Boise City, ID | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 2.1% | 36% | 83 | 102 |
| Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH | 220,000 | +/-20,000 | 190,000 | 30,000 | 4.4% | 23% | 11 | 13 |
| Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT | 70,000 | +/-10,000 | 60,000 | Not sig. | 7.1% | 31% | 26 | 30 |
| Brownsville-Harlingen, TX | 30,000 | +/-5,000 | 35,000 | Not sig. | 7.2% | 30% | 49 | 48 |
| Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls, NY | <5,000 | +/-5,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 0.3% | 6% | 158 | 161 |
| Burlington, NC | 5,000 | +/-3,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 4.1% | 50% | 128 | 121 |
| Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL | 25,000 | +/-10,000 | 40,000 | -15,000 | 3.4% | 21% | 61 | 46 |
| Champaign-Urbana, IL | <5,000 | +/-3,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 2.2% | 17% | 154 | 164 |
| Charleston-North Charleston, SC | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | 5,000 | 2.0% | 42% | 82 | 108 |
| Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC | 100,000 | +/-10,000 | 80,000 | 20,000 | 3.9% | 39% | 20 | 24 |
| Chattanooga, TN-GA | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 1.6% | 39% | 115 | 149 |
| Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI* | 400,000 | +/-30,000 | 525,000 | -140,000 | 4.1% | 23% | 7 | 3 |
| Chico, CA | <5,000 | +/-3,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 1.4% | 18% | 164 | 138 |
| Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN | 20,000 | +/-5,000 | 25,000 | Not sig. | 1.0% | 21% | 71 | 76 |
| Cleveland-Elyria, OH | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 20,000 | Not sig. | 0.6% | 11% | 95 | 83 |
| College Station-Bryan, TX | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 3.9% | 27% | 116 | 134 |
| Colorado Springs, CO | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 15,000 | Not sig. | 1.4% | 19% | 110 | 93 |
| Columbia, SC | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | N/A | N/A | 1.6% | 32% | 93 | N/A |
| Columbus, OH | 35,000 | +/-10,000 | 30,000 | Not sig. | 1.7% | 22% | 47 | 59 |
| Corpus Christi, TX | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 2.4% | 31% | 101 | 127 |
| Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX* | 475,000 | +/-25,000 | 500,000 | Not sig. | 6.7% | 35% | 4 | 5 |
| Daphne-Fairhope-Foley, AL | <5,000 | +/-2,000 | 5,000 | -5,000 | 0.5% | 25% | 173 | 130 |
| Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL | N/A | N/A | 5,000 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 147 |
| Dayton, OH | <5,000 | +/-4,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 0.5% | 12% | 155 | 145 |
| Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 1.4% | 17% | 111 | 99 |
| Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO* | 130,000 | +/-15,000 | 130,000 | Not sig. | 4.3% | 34% | 18 | 18 |
| Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | N/A | N/A | 2.1% | 27% | 86 | N/A |
| Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI | 60,000 | +/-15,000 | 85,000 | -25,000 | 1.4% | 13% | 32 | 23 |
| Durham-Chapel Hill, NC | N/A | N/A | 30,000 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 52 |
| El Centro, CA | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 15,000 | Not sig. | 4.7% | 15% | 117 | 94 |
| El Paso, TX | 55,000 | +/-10,000 | 50,000 | Not sig. | 6.6% | 27% | 33 | 38 |
| Elkhart-Goshen, IN | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 4.1% | 49% | 119 | 104 |
| Eugene, OR | 5,000 | +/-3,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 1.4% | 23% | 148 | 150 |
| Fayetteville, NC | <5,000 | +/-3,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 0.8% | 12% | 168 | 168 |
| Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR-MO | 25,000 | +/-5,000 | 30,000 | Not sig. | 5.5% | 48% | 55 | 61 |
| Fort Collins, CO | <5,000 | +/-3,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 1.0% | 21% | 163 | 139 |
| Fort Wayne, IN | 5,000 | +/-3,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 1.4% | 21% | 150 | 154 |
| Fresno, CA | 50,000 | +/-10,000 | 60,000 | Not sig. | 4.8% | 23% | 37 | 29 |
| Gainesville, FL | 5,000 | +/-4,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 2.8% | 23% | 124 | 144 |
| Gainesville, GA | 25,000 | +/-5,000 | 25,000 | Not sig. | 11.6% | 65% | 65 | 69 |
| Goldsboro, NC | 5,000 | +/-3,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 4.9% | 59% | 133 | 160 |
| Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 25,000 | Not sig. | 1.7% | 22% | 80 | 75 |
| Greeley, CO | N/A | N/A | 15,000 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 96 |
| Greensboro-High Point, NC | 20,000 | +/-5,000 | 25,000 | Not sig. | 2.8% | 31% | 68 | 64 |
| Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin, SC | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 25,000 | -10,000 | 1.8% | 29% | 77 | 66 |
| Hanford-Corcoran, CA | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 6.6% | 32% | 109 | 103 |
| Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA | 5,000 | +/-5,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 1.0% | 17% | 141 | 131 |
| Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT | 25,000 | +/-10,000 | 30,000 | Not sig. | 1.9% | 14% | 66 | 53 |
| Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 2.1% | 37% | 118 | 112 |
| Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort, SC | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 4.0% | 48% | 120 | 123 |
| Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX | 500,000 | +/-30,000 | 500,000 | Not sig. | 7.4% | 31% | 3 | 6 |
| Huntsville, AL | 5,000 | +/-3,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 1.6% | 32% | 126 | 159 |
| Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN | 40,000 | +/-10,000 | 40,000 | Not sig. | 2.1% | 29% | 41 | 47 |
| Jackson, MS | <5,000 | +/-3,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 0.8% | 34% | 151 | 142 |
| Jacksonville, FL | 20,000 | +/-10,000 | 20,000 | Not sig. | 1.5% | 17% | 69 | 86 |
| Kalamazoo-Portage, MI | 5,000 | +/-3,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 1.5% | 31% | 142 | 141 |
| Kansas City, MO-KS | 50,000 | +/-10,000 | 45,000 | Not sig. | 2.3% | 33% | 36 | 41 |
| Kennewick-Richland, WA | N/A | N/A | 25,000 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 72 |
| Killeen-Temple, TX | N/A | N/A | 5,000 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 129 |
| Knoxville, TN | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | 5,000 | 1.5% | 37% | 88 | 120 |
| Lafayette, LA | 5,000 | +/-3,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 1.1% | 36% | 140 | 166 |
| Lafayette-West Lafayette, IN | 5,000 | +/-3,000 | N/A | N/A | 3.1% | 25% | 139 | N/A |
| Lake Havasu City-Kingman, AZ | <5,000 | +/-2,000 | 5,000 | -5,000 | 1.1% | 20% | 169 | 137 |
| Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 25,000 | Not sig. | 2.2% | 21% | 85 | 74 |
| Lancaster, PA | <5,000 | +/-4,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 0.2% | 5% | 174 | 140 |
| Lansing-East Lansing, MI | <5,000 | +/-4,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 0.8% | 11% | 160 | 156 |
| Laredo, TX | 25,000 | +/-5,000 | 20,000 | Not sig. | 8.9% | 30% | 62 | 78 |
| Las Cruces, NM | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 20,000 | -10,000 | 4.8% | 26% | 107 | 84 |
| Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV | 180,000 | +/-15,000 | 200,000 | -20,000 | 8.2% | 35% | 13 | 12 |
| Lincoln, NE | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 2.4% | 26% | 123 | 148 |
| Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 1.5% | 39% | 106 | 101 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA* | 925,000 | +/-40,000 | 1,250,000 | -325,000 | 6.9% | 20% | 2 | 2 |
| Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 15,000 | Not sig. | 0.9% | 17% | 103 | 88 |
| Lubbock, TX | 5,000 | +/-3,000 | <5,000 | 5,000 | 2.0% | 31% | 136 | 175 |
| Madera, CA | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 5.6% | 25% | 114 | 100 |
| Manchester-Nashua, NH | 5,000 | +/-4,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 1.6% | 15% | 146 | 133 |
| McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX | 85,000 | +/-10,000 | 70,000 | Not sig. | 9.8% | 36% | 23 | 27 |
| Medford, OR | <5,000 | +/-3,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 1.6% | 25% | 162 | 143 |
| Memphis, TN-MS-AR | 30,000 | +/-5,000 | 25,000 | Not sig. | 2.4% | 42% | 51 | 63 |
| Merced, CA | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 20,000 | Not sig. | 5.2% | 19% | 89 | 85 |
| Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL | 425,000 | +/-30,000 | 525,000 | -90,000 | 7.1% | 17% | 5 | 4 |
| Midland, TX | 5,000 | +/-4,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 4.0% | 31% | 129 | 157 |
| Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI | 30,000 | +/-10,000 | 35,000 | Not sig. | 1.9% | 24% | 50 | 49 |
| Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI | 70,000 | +/-15,000 | 70,000 | Not sig. | 2.0% | 19% | 25 | 26 |
| Modesto, CA | 25,000 | +/-5,000 | 30,000 | Not sig. | 4.2% | 20% | 67 | 56 |
| Montgomery, AL | 5,000 | +/-2,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 1.5% | 46% | 143 | 167 |
| Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC-NC | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | N/A | N/A | 2.4% | 42% | 105 | N/A |
| Napa, CA | 5,000 | +/-3,000 | 15,000 | -10,000 | 4.5% | 20% | 131 | 91 |
| Naples-Immokalee-Marco Island, FL | 30,000 | +/-5,000 | 45,000 | -15,000 | 7.6% | 27% | 54 | 44 |
| Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-Franklin, TN | 60,000 | +/-10,000 | 55,000 | Not sig. | 2.9% | 38% | 30 | 33 |
| New Haven-Milford, CT | 25,000 | +/-10,000 | 30,000 | Not sig. | 3.1% | 22% | 57 | 60 |
| New Orleans-Metairie, LA | 35,000 | +/-5,000 | 35,000 | Not sig. | 2.8% | 36% | 45 | 51 |
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA* | 1,100,000 | +/-50,000 | 1,450,000 | -375,000 | 5.3% | 18% | 1 | 1 |
| North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton, FL | 25,000 | +/-5,000 | 30,000 | Not sig. | 3.2% | 25% | 60 | 58 |
| Norwich-New London, CT | <5,000 | +/-4,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 1.6% | 18% | 156 | 158 |
| Ocala, FL | 5,000 | +/-5,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 1.7% | 21% | 138 | 163 |
| Odessa, TX | <5,000 | +/-3,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 2.5% | 19% | 157 | 146 |
| Ogden-Clearfield, UT | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 15,000 | Not sig. | 2.1% | 37% | 98 | 98 |
| Oklahoma City, OK | 35,000 | +/-10,000 | 45,000 | Not sig. | 2.5% | 35% | 43 | 43 |
| Olympia-Tumwater, WA | <5,000 | +/-4,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 0.7% | 10% | 171 | 170 |
| Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA | 30,000 | +/-5,000 | 20,000 | 10,000 | 3.1% | 41% | 48 | 79 |
| Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL | 90,000 | +/-20,000 | 130,000 | -40,000 | 3.7% | 20% | 21 | 19 |
| Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA | 60,000 | +/-10,000 | 60,000 | Not sig. | 6.7% | 28% | 31 | 31 |
| Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 1.5% | 16% | 113 | 110 |
| Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL | <5,000 | +/-3,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 0.7% | 14% | 161 | 174 |
| Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD | 160,000 | +/-20,000 | 140,000 | Not sig. | 2.6% | 22% | 15 | 16 |
| Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ* | 210,000 | +/-20,000 | 400,000 | -180,000 | 4.5% | 30% | 12 | 7 |
| Pittsburgh, PA | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 0.7% | 17% | 78 | 107 |
| Port St. Lucie, FL | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 30,000 | -20,000 | 2.2% | 15% | 108 | 62 |
| Portland-South Portland, ME | <5,000 | +/-4,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 0.5% | 9% | 170 | 169 |
| Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA | 75,000 | +/-10,000 | 95,000 | -20,000 | 3.0% | 23% | 24 | 22 |
| Prescott, AZ | <5,000 | +/-4,000 | 10,000 | -5,000 | 1.4% | 25% | 167 | 114 |
| Providence-Warwick, RI-MA | 45,000 | +/-10,000 | 45,000 | Not sig. | 2.6% | 19% | 40 | 42 |
| Provo-Orem, UT | 20,000 | +/-5,000 | 15,000 | Not sig. | 3.2% | 42% | 76 | 90 |
| Raleigh, NC | 55,000 | +/-10,000 | 55,000 | Not sig. | 4.0% | 33% | 34 | 34 |
| Reading, PA | 5,000 | +/-5,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 1.6% | 22% | 130 | 125 |
| Reno, NV | 25,000 | +/-5,000 | 30,000 | -5,000 | 5.1% | 34% | 64 | 55 |
| Richmond, VA | 25,000 | +/-5,000 | 25,000 | Not sig. | 1.9% | 26% | 63 | 73 |
| Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA | 230,000 | +/-20,000 | 300,000 | -70,000 | 5.1% | 24% | 10 | 10 |
| Rochester, NY | 5,000 | +/-5,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 0.6% | 8% | 132 | 132 |
| Rockford, IL | 5,000 | +/-3,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 1.8% | 22% | 137 | 105 |
| Sacramento--Roseville--Arden-Arcade, CA | 60,000 | +/-15,000 | 75,000 | Not sig. | 2.6% | 14% | 29 | 25 |
| Salinas, CA | 45,000 | +/-10,000 | 55,000 | Not sig. | 9.4% | 31% | 38 | 37 |
| Salisbury, MD-DE | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 3.2% | 46% | 94 | 111 |
| Salt Lake City, UT | 50,000 | +/-10,000 | 60,000 | Not sig. | 4.1% | 35% | 35 | 32 |
| San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX | 85,000 | +/-15,000 | 70,000 | Not sig. | 3.6% | 29% | 22 | 28 |
| San Diego-Carlsbad, CA | 160,000 | +/-20,000 | 180,000 | Not sig. | 4.9% | 20% | 14 | 14 |
| San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA | 240,000 | +/-20,000 | 250,000 | Not sig. | 5.1% | 16% | 9 | 11 |
| San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA | 140,000 | +/-15,000 | 150,000 | Not sig. | 7.4% | 18% | 16 | 15 |
| San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles-Arroyo Grande, CA | 5,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 2.3% | 21% | 127 | 118 |
| Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 20,000 | -5,000 | 4.4% | 26% | 99 | 82 |
| Santa Fe, NM | 5,000 | +/-3,000 | 15,000 | -10,000 | 3.6% | 38% | 149 | 89 |
| Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA | 40,000 | +/-5,000 | 25,000 | 15,000 | 8.8% | 36% | 42 | 67 |
| Santa Rosa, CA | 30,000 | +/-5,000 | 35,000 | Not sig. | 5.8% | 31% | 52 | 50 |
| Scranton-Wilkes-Barre-Hazleton, PA | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 1.6% | 29% | 122 | 155 |
| Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA | 140,000 | +/-20,000 | 140,000 | Not sig. | 3.6% | 20% | 17 | 17 |
| Spartanburg, SC | <5,000 | +/-2,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 1.6% | 30% | 152 | 121 |
| Spokane-Spokane Valley, WA | 5,000 | +/-5,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 1.0% | 18% | 135 | 172 |
| Springfield, MA | <5,000 | +/-5,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 0.8% | 11% | 153 | 128 |
| St. Louis, MO-IL | 25,000 | +/-10,000 | 25,000 | Not sig. | 0.9% | 18% | 58 | 65 |
| Stockton-Lodi, CA | 35,000 | +/-10,000 | 50,000 | -15,000 | 4.7% | 19% | 46 | 39 |
| Syracuse, NY | <5,000 | +/-5,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 0.5% | 7% | 166 | 173 |
| Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL | 65,000 | +/-15,000 | 100,000 | -35,000 | 2.1% | 15% | 28 | 21 |
| Toledo, OH | <5,000 | +/-4,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 0.5% | 14% | 165 | 171 |
| Trenton, NJ | 20,000 | +/-5,000 | 30,000 | Not sig. | 5.4% | 24% | 74 | 57 |
| Tucson, AZ | 35,000 | +/-10,000 | 50,000 | -15,000 | 3.5% | 25% | 44 | 40 |
| Tyler, TX | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 4.0% | 45% | 112 | 115 |
| Urban Honolulu, HI | 30,000 | +/-10,000 | 25,000 | Not sig. | 2.8% | 14% | 53 | 71 |
| Utica-Rome, NY | <5,000 | +/-4,000 | <5,000 | Not sig. | 0.1% | 2% | 175 | 176 |
| Vallejo-Fairfield, CA | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 15,000 | Not sig. | 3.6% | 17% | 81 | 87 |
| Vineland-Bridgeton, NJ | N/A | N/A | 10,000 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 116 |
| Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC | 20,000 | +/-5,000 | 15,000 | Not sig. | 1.2% | 18% | 73 | 95 |
| Visalia-Porterville, CA | 25,000 | +/-5,000 | 45,000 | -15,000 | 5.8% | 25% | 56 | 45 |
| Waco, TX | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | 5,000 | Not sig. | 4.4% | 47% | 104 | 124 |
| Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV | 425,000 | +/-25,000 | 375,000 | 55,000 | 6.9% | 29% | 6 | 8 |
| Wenatchee, WA | 10,000 | +/-5,000 | N/A | N/A | 6.8% | 44% | 121 | N/A |
| Wichita, KS | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 15,000 | Not sig. | 2.6% | 32% | 79 | 92 |
| Winston-Salem, NC | 20,000 | +/-5,000 | 25,000 | -5,000 | 3.0% | 45% | 75 | 68 |
| Worcester, MA-CT | 20,000 | +/-10,000 | 20,000 | Not sig. | 2.3% | 21% | 72 | 81 |
| Yakima, WA | 20,000 | +/-5,000 | 25,000 | Not sig. | 8.5% | 43% | 70 | 70 |
| Yuba City, CA | 5,000 | +/-4,000 | 10,000 | Not sig. | 3.6% | 20% | 134 | 117 |
| Yuma, AZ | 15,000 | +/-5,000 | 20,000 | Not sig. | 7.4% | 28% | 84 | 80 |
Notes: Metropolitan areas are defined using the 2013 definitions for metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) from the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, as implemented by IPUMS. Areas shown are those estimated to have 20,000 or more total immigrants or 5,000 or more unauthorized immigrants in either 2016 or 2007. Ranks and differences are based on unrounded estimates. See methodology for rounding rules.
Only seven metro areas in 2016 differ significantly from the next smaller area; all are among the top 20 and are marked with "*". “Not sig.” signifies that the 2007 to 2016 difference is not statistically significant at the 90% confidence level. “N/A” signifies that data are not available and the metro area cannot be identified in the IPUMS data for that year.
Not all metro areas can be adequately identified in the IPUMS data. Three of 107 metro areas with total populations exceeding 500,000 in 2016 are not shown in the table because they cannot be identified in the 2007 or 2016 IPUMS data; these are Tulsa, OK (#55), Madison, WI (#86) and Lexington-Fayette, KY (#106). Among the 112 metro areas with populations between 200,000 and 500,000, 19 are not shown in the table.
Source: Pew Research Center estimates based on augmented American Community Surveys, 2016 and 2007 (IPUMS).
Pew Research Center
