pg_2021.05.05_cultural-grievances_featured-1 | Pew Research Center

August 20, 2026

Views About National Identity Becoming More Inclusive in U.S., Western Europe

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Views About National Identity Becoming More Inclusive in U.S., Western Europe
Fewer now say criteria for national belonging like birthplace, religion are important
Differing views about changing traditions, recognizing discrimination and avoiding offending others
Americans more likely than British, Germans or French to see discrimination against Christians
Ideological gaps on issues of tradition, offending others, seeing discrimination
Large ideological divides on pride in country in the U.S., UK
Focus groups in U.S., UK find that left and right see the same aspects of history through a very different lens
In focus groups, Republicans, Leavers stressed assimilation
In focus groups, Democrats, Remainers highlighted benefits of multiculturalism
Republicans, Leavers share similar views on politically correct culture but focus on different aspects
Democrats and Remainers see positives in politically correct culture, though some worry about downsides
Focus group participants in U.S. and UK cite racism, political correctness as things that make them embarrassed