U.S. falls among highest importers of Middle Eastern oil by volume, but has less overall exposure than Asian and African economies
Total oil imports from Middle East in 2024, in metric tons
Note: This selection of countries includes the economies with the highest import volumes from or reliance on Middle Eastern oil. Exporting countries from the Middle East include Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates and Yemen. Reliance is defined as imports from the Middle East divided by the sum of domestic demand and exports. In this case, oil includes crude oil, natural gas liquids and refined oil products.
Source: International Energy Agency, “Reliance on Middle East Oil and Gas Supplies by Country.”
PEW RESEARCH CENTER
U.S. falls among highest importers of Middle Eastern oil by volume, but has less overall exposure than Asian and African economies
Total oil imports from Middle East in 2024, in metric tons
| Country | Percent of domestic consumption from Middle East in 2024 | Total oil imports from Middle East in 2024, in metric tons | Region |
|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 9 | 1,000 | Europe |
| Bangladesh | 20 | 3,000 | Asia-Pacific |
| Belgium | 8 | 5,000 | Europe |
| Brazil | 3 | 7,000 | Latin America-Carribean |
| Brunei | 19 | 2,000 | Asia-Pacific |
| Canada | 1 | 3,000 | North America |
| China | 38 | 317,000 | Asia-Pacific |
| Egypt | 30 | 15,000 | Middle East-North Africa |
| Eritrea | 91 | 240 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| France | 18 | 15,000 | Europe |
| Germany | 6 | 8,000 | Europe |
| Greece | 33 | 11,000 | Europe |
| Iceland | 34 | 330 | Europe |
| India | 45 | 155,000 | Asia-Pacific |
| Indonesia | 10 | 8,000 | Asia-Pacific |
| Italy | 16 | 14,000 | Europe |
| Japan | 77 | 123,000 | Asia-Pacific |
| Kenya | 77 | 4,000 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| Lithuania | 40 | 4,000 | Europe |
| Madagascar | 89 | 980 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| Malaysia | 22 | 12,000 | Asia-Pacific |
| Mozambique | 20 | 1,000 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| Namibia | 50 | 610 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| Netherlands | 10 | 14,000 | Europe |
| Nigeria | 2 | 2,000 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| Pakistan | 78 | 15,000 | Asia-Pacific |
| Philippines | 34 | 8,000 | Asia-Pacific |
| Poland | 34 | 13,000 | Europe |
| Serbia | 25 | 1,000 | Europe |
| Singapore | 28 | 44,000 | Asia-Pacific |
| Slovenia | 12 | 590 | Europe |
| South Africa | 54 | 15,000 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| South Korea | 57 | 118,000 | Asia-Pacific |
| Spain | 9 | 7,000 | Europe |
| Sri Lanka | 50 | 2,000 | Asia-Pacific |
| Sudan | 31 | 2,000 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| Taiwan | 63 | 36,000 | Asia-Pacific |
| Tanzania | 53 | 2,000 | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| Thailand | 50 | 34,000 | Asia-Pacific |
| Turkey | 11 | 7,000 | Middle East-North Africa |
| United Kingdom | 8 | 9,000 | Europe |
| United States | 3 | 35,000 | North America |
| Vietnam | 36 | 11,000 | Asia-Pacific |
Note: This selection of countries includes the economies with the highest import volumes from or reliance on Middle Eastern oil. Exporting countries from the Middle East include Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates and Yemen. Reliance is defined as imports from the Middle East divided by the sum of domestic demand and exports. In this case, oil includes crude oil, natural gas liquids and refined oil products.
Source: International Energy Agency, “Reliance on Middle East Oil and Gas Supplies by Country.”
PEW RESEARCH CENTER
