Many in certain Muslim- and Jewish- majority countries believe their state can be both religious and democratic | Pew Research Center

January 23, 2025

Comparing Levels of Religious Nationalism Around the World

Many in certain Muslim- and Jewish- majority countries believe their state can be both religious and democratic

Many in certain Muslim- and Jewish- majority countries believe their state can be both religious and democratic

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Many in certain Muslim- and Jewish- majority countries believe their state can be both religious and democratic

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Comparing Levels of Religious Nationalism Around the World
Countries included in this report
Countries included in this report, by income level
Many in certain Muslim- and Jewish- majority countries believe their state can be both religious and democratic
People on the ideological right are slightly more likely to be religious nationalists in many countries
Countries with higher shares of religiously affiliated people also more likely to see religion as helpful
Views of religion are broadly positive around the world – but much more so in middle-income countries
U.S. stands out from most high-income countries on views of how religious texts can and should influence their country’s laws
Share of religious nationalists varies widely across countries