Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by religious group
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who …in hell
Chart
Table
Share
Religious tradition
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Catholic
70%
20%
10%
164
Evangelical Protestant
81%
12%
8%
518
Mainline Protestant
65%
19%
15%
223
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")
30%
59%
11%
365
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Age distribution among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who are ages…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
Believe
29%
35%
26%
10%
818
Don't believe
31%
38%
23%
8%
508
Other/don't know
24%
34%
25%
16%
147
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
Believe
18%
17%
28%
29%
7%
< 1%
818
Don't believe
21%
19%
29%
25%
5%
< 1%
508
Other/don't know
17%
16%
26%
30%
10%
1%
147
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Men
Women
Sample size
Believe
44%
56%
834
Don't believe
50%
50%
516
Other/don't know
50%
50%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
Believe
7%
8%
85%
812
Don't believe
7%
16%
77%
510
Other/don't know
11%
14%
74%
143
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who have a household income of…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
Believe
45%
24%
19%
12%
738
Don't believe
39%
20%
22%
19%
473
Other/don't know
47%
20%
21%
11%
125
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who have completed…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
Believe
40%
42%
12%
7%
829
Don't believe
31%
39%
18%
12%
514
Other/don't know
44%
33%
13%
10%
153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
Believe
39%
7%
15%
5%
33%
834
Don't believe
34%
14%
13%
4%
35%
514
Other/don't know
43%
6%
12%
7%
32%
152
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Parent of children under 18 among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
Believe
31%
69%
834
Don't believe
26%
74%
516
Other/don't know
27%
73%
150
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in God among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who say they…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
Believe
81%
15%
2%
< 1%
< 1%
1%
834
Don't believe
42%
22%
8%
1%
24%
4%
516
Other/don't know
62%
17%
10%
2%
1%
7%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who say religion is…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
69%
23%
4%
3%
1%
834
Don't believe
29%
27%
19%
25%
< 1%
516
Other/don't know
46%
29%
13%
6%
6%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who attend religious services…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
43%
34%
22%
< 1%
834
Don't believe
19%
28%
53%
< 1%
516
Other/don't know
29%
34%
35%
3%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who pray…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
72%
15%
4%
8%
1%
834
Don't believe
43%
11%
6%
41%
< 1%
516
Other/don't know
56%
9%
7%
22%
5%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who attend prayer group…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
33%
9%
10%
48%
< 1%
834
Don't believe
15%
7%
7%
71%
1%
516
Other/don't know
19%
7%
6%
63%
5%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who meditate…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
47%
8%
3%
41%
1%
834
Don't believe
47%
9%
4%
39%
< 1%
516
Other/don't know
41%
10%
5%
38%
6%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
70%
12%
5%
11%
1%
834
Don't believe
58%
17%
8%
16%
1%
516
Other/don't know
56%
13%
7%
21%
3%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
49%
15%
11%
25%
1%
834
Don't believe
58%
16%
10%
15%
< 1%
516
Other/don't know
55%
9%
6%
25%
5%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Religion
Philosophy/reason
Common sense
Science
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
43%
7%
41%
5%
3%
834
Don't believe
16%
17%
49%
16%
3%
516
Other/don't know
23%
13%
52%
6%
6%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who say…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
34%
64%
1%
1%
834
Don't believe
22%
76%
1%
< 1%
516
Other/don't know
26%
61%
6%
7%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who read scripture…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
50%
10%
8%
30%
1%
834
Don't believe
26%
6%
9%
58%
< 1%
516
Other/don't know
34%
11%
7%
46%
2%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who say the holy scripture is…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
40%
32%
4%
17%
7%
834
Don't believe
8%
18%
2%
63%
9%
516
Other/don't know
18%
18%
6%
36%
21%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who …in heaven
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
94%
2%
4%
834
Don't believe
36%
56%
8%
516
Other/don't know
42%
8%
51%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who identify as…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
Believe
30%
25%
45%
834
Don't believe
21%
26%
52%
516
Other/don't know
26%
29%
45%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
37%
34%
21%
8%
834
Don't believe
18%
36%
37%
9%
516
Other/don't know
20%
32%
19%
29%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who would rather have…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Smaller government; fewer services
Bigger government; more services
Depends
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
46%
45%
3%
6%
834
Don't believe
45%
45%
5%
5%
516
Other/don't know
52%
28%
13%
7%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who say government aid to the poor…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
39%
53%
5%
3%
834
Don't believe
29%
65%
4%
2%
516
Other/don't know
34%
49%
7%
10%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who say abortion should be…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
50%
46%
5%
834
Don't believe
74%
24%
3%
516
Other/don't know
52%
30%
18%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who say homosexuality…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
53%
37%
5%
5%
834
Don't believe
77%
17%
3%
3%
516
Other/don't know
60%
21%
5%
14%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who …same-sex marriage
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
45%
47%
8%
834
Don't believe
74%
21%
6%
516
Other/don't know
51%
28%
21%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who say…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
40%
54%
2%
3%
834
Don't believe
21%
74%
4%
2%
516
Other/don't know
31%
50%
10%
8%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities by belief in hell
% of other/mixed non-Hispanic ethnicities who say humans…
Chart
Table
Share
Belief in Hell
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
18%
31%
4%
43%
4%
834
Don't believe
54%
17%
3%
23%
2%
516
Other/don't know
40%
17%
11%
23%
9%
154
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.