Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among adults who seldom or never pray by religious group
% of adults who seldom or never pray who …in heaven
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Religious tradition
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Catholic
62%
30%
8%
893
Evangelical Protestant
74%
16%
10%
326
Jewish
20%
70%
10%
408
Mainline Protestant
60%
30%
11%
903
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")
20%
71%
9%
4,941
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Age distribution among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who are ages…
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Belief in Heaven
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
Believe
34%
35%
21%
11%
2,269
Don't believe
33%
35%
19%
14%
5,009
Other/don't know
33%
31%
21%
15%
720
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
Believe
22%
18%
28%
25%
7%
< 1%
2,269
Don't believe
21%
20%
26%
23%
8%
1%
5,009
Other/don't know
22%
19%
24%
26%
8%
1%
720
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Men
Women
Sample size
Believe
63%
37%
2,306
Don't believe
65%
35%
5,073
Other/don't know
65%
35%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who identify as…
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Belief in Heaven
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
Believe
70%
7%
5%
15%
3%
2,286
Don't believe
77%
3%
6%
10%
3%
5,007
Other/don't know
76%
4%
5%
10%
5%
728
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
Believe
14%
11%
75%
2,271
Don't believe
13%
14%
72%
5,022
Other/don't know
14%
10%
76%
731
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who have a household income of…
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Belief in Heaven
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
Believe
34%
24%
26%
16%
2,025
Don't believe
23%
18%
30%
29%
4,615
Other/don't know
31%
21%
24%
24%
630
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who have completed…
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Belief in Heaven
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
Believe
48%
31%
14%
7%
2,295
Don't believe
28%
29%
25%
18%
5,058
Other/don't know
37%
34%
19%
11%
739
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
Believe
39%
10%
11%
4%
37%
2,298
Don't believe
42%
11%
10%
3%
34%
5,056
Other/don't know
41%
8%
8%
4%
38%
732
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Parent of children under 18 among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
Believe
26%
74%
2,299
Don't believe
23%
77%
5,056
Other/don't know
23%
77%
740
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in God among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who say they…
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Belief in Heaven
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
Believe
36%
41%
14%
1%
5%
2%
2,306
Don't believe
6%
15%
13%
1%
60%
6%
5,073
Other/don't know
12%
27%
20%
2%
13%
27%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who say religion is…
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Belief in Heaven
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
14%
43%
30%
13%
< 1%
2,306
Don't believe
3%
12%
29%
56%
< 1%
5,073
Other/don't know
4%
26%
39%
28%
3%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who attend religious services…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
8%
35%
57%
< 1%
2,306
Don't believe
2%
19%
78%
< 1%
5,073
Other/don't know
3%
26%
71%
1%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who attend prayer group…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
3%
2%
4%
91%
< 1%
2,306
Don't believe
1%
1%
2%
96%
< 1%
5,073
Other/don't know
1%
2%
3%
93%
1%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who meditate…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
13%
6%
4%
75%
1%
2,306
Don't believe
19%
10%
6%
65%
< 1%
5,073
Other/don't know
15%
8%
6%
69%
2%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
28%
15%
16%
40%
1%
2,306
Don't believe
31%
16%
11%
41%
2%
5,073
Other/don't know
32%
14%
13%
38%
4%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
30%
14%
16%
40%
1%
2,306
Don't believe
46%
17%
15%
22%
1%
5,073
Other/don't know
41%
18%
14%
24%
2%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
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Belief in Heaven
Religion
Philosophy/reason
Common sense
Science
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
11%
12%
63%
13%
2%
2,306
Don't believe
1%
20%
55%
23%
2%
5,073
Other/don't know
3%
17%
60%
15%
5%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who say…
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Belief in Heaven
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
23%
75%
1%
1%
2,306
Don't believe
17%
81%
1%
1%
5,073
Other/don't know
20%
76%
2%
2%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who read scripture…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
4%
4%
6%
87%
< 1%
2,306
Don't believe
2%
3%
5%
91%
< 1%
5,073
Other/don't know
3%
4%
5%
88%
< 1%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who say the holy scripture is…
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Belief in Heaven
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
16%
26%
1%
50%
7%
2,306
Don't believe
1%
3%
< 1%
92%
4%
5,073
Other/don't know
3%
8%
1%
68%
21%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who …in hell
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Belief in Heaven
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
67%
28%
5%
2,306
Don't believe
2%
97%
1%
5,073
Other/don't know
9%
27%
64%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who identify as…
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Belief in Heaven
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
Believe
33%
22%
45%
2,306
Don't believe
21%
17%
62%
5,073
Other/don't know
29%
28%
43%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
27%
40%
26%
8%
2,306
Don't believe
13%
34%
48%
5%
5,073
Other/don't know
23%
36%
29%
12%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who would rather have…
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Belief in Heaven
Smaller government; fewer services
Bigger government; more services
Depends
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
50%
45%
1%
4%
2,306
Don't believe
47%
47%
4%
3%
5,073
Other/don't know
50%
37%
5%
8%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who say government aid to the poor…
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Belief in Heaven
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
46%
49%
3%
2%
2,306
Don't believe
32%
64%
3%
1%
5,073
Other/don't know
39%
51%
6%
3%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who say abortion should be…
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Belief in Heaven
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
65%
31%
4%
2,306
Don't believe
85%
12%
3%
5,073
Other/don't know
74%
19%
6%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who say homosexuality…
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Belief in Heaven
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
77%
18%
4%
2%
2,306
Don't believe
90%
7%
2%
1%
5,073
Other/don't know
77%
13%
5%
5%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who …same-sex marriage
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Belief in Heaven
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
67%
26%
7%
2,306
Don't believe
88%
9%
3%
5,073
Other/don't know
73%
16%
11%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who say…
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Belief in Heaven
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
38%
57%
2%
2%
2,306
Don't believe
21%
75%
2%
2%
5,073
Other/don't know
30%
59%
5%
6%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among adults who seldom or never pray by belief in heaven
% of adults who seldom or never pray who say humans…
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Belief in Heaven
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
49%
24%
5%
20%
3%
2,306
Don't believe
84%
6%
3%
7%
1%
5,073
Other/don't know
63%
7%
13%
8%
9%
744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.