Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Age distribution among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who are ages…
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Views about same-sex marriage
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
37%
36%
18%
9%
7,753
Oppose/strongly oppose
24%
38%
24%
13%
1,502
Don't know
22%
40%
23%
15%
570
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who are…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
23%
23%
27%
21%
5%
< 1%
7,753
Oppose/strongly oppose
14%
17%
31%
29%
8%
1%
1,502
Don't know
11%
15%
35%
27%
10%
2%
570
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who are…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Men
Women
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
53%
47%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
66%
34%
1,544
Don't know
66%
34%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who identify as…
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Views about same-sex marriage
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
71%
6%
8%
11%
5%
7,748
Oppose/strongly oppose
52%
19%
11%
14%
5%
1,509
Don't know
61%
10%
8%
16%
5%
555
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who are…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
14%
14%
73%
7,773
Oppose/strongly oppose
25%
10%
65%
1,499
Don't know
20%
12%
68%
572
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who have a household income of…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
29%
19%
28%
24%
7,093
Oppose/strongly oppose
43%
21%
21%
16%
1,320
Don't know
42%
17%
24%
17%
461
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who have completed…
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Views about same-sex marriage
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
30%
33%
22%
16%
7,843
Oppose/strongly oppose
54%
26%
11%
9%
1,535
Don't know
52%
27%
13%
8%
592
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who are…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
38%
12%
10%
3%
37%
7,834
Oppose/strongly oppose
45%
7%
14%
4%
29%
1,534
Don't know
37%
9%
14%
6%
33%
585
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Parent of children under 18 among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who are…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
26%
74%
7,850
Oppose/strongly oppose
30%
70%
1,538
Don't know
29%
71%
594
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in God among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who say they…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
24%
23%
12%
1%
34%
6%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
58%
19%
8%
1%
11%
4%
1,544
Don't know
44%
23%
8%
2%
16%
7%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who say religion is…
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Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
12%
24%
26%
38%
1%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
41%
25%
17%
16%
1%
1,544
Don't know
28%
26%
16%
24%
5%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who attend religious services…
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Views about same-sex marriage
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
5%
27%
68%
< 1%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
21%
31%
48%
< 1%
1,544
Don't know
11%
31%
55%
3%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who pray…
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Views about same-sex marriage
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
19%
11%
7%
62%
1%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
45%
13%
7%
34%
< 1%
1,544
Don't know
34%
14%
7%
40%
5%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who attend prayer group…
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Views about same-sex marriage
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
4%
4%
4%
88%
< 1%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
20%
8%
9%
63%
< 1%
1,544
Don't know
13%
6%
8%
71%
3%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who meditate…
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Views about same-sex marriage
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
28%
10%
5%
55%
1%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
34%
6%
5%
51%
3%
1,544
Don't know
34%
8%
2%
49%
7%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
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Views about same-sex marriage
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
41%
16%
11%
29%
2%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
46%
13%
10%
29%
2%
1,544
Don't know
45%
12%
9%
28%
6%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
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Views about same-sex marriage
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
49%
17%
13%
20%
1%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
43%
13%
12%
31%
2%
1,544
Don't know
44%
12%
9%
31%
4%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
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Views about same-sex marriage
Religion
Philosophy/reason
Common sense
Science
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
5%
21%
55%
18%
2%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
25%
8%
53%
11%
2%
1,544
Don't know
12%
10%
58%
9%
11%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who say…
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Views about same-sex marriage
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
18%
80%
1%
1%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
28%
69%
1%
1%
1,544
Don't know
26%
65%
5%
5%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who read scripture…
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Views about same-sex marriage
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
7%
6%
6%
80%
1%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
30%
9%
7%
52%
1%
1,544
Don't know
18%
7%
7%
65%
3%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who say the holy scripture is…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
5%
10%
< 1%
78%
7%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
32%
20%
3%
37%
9%
1,544
Don't know
18%
12%
4%
45%
22%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who …in heaven
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Views about same-sex marriage
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
33%
58%
9%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
65%
26%
9%
1,544
Don't know
47%
32%
21%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who …in hell
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Views about same-sex marriage
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
22%
71%
7%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
53%
39%
8%
1,544
Don't know
37%
43%
19%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who identify as…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
19%
19%
62%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
38%
25%
37%
1,544
Don't know
27%
47%
26%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who are…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
13%
36%
45%
6%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
38%
33%
19%
10%
1,544
Don't know
27%
29%
20%
25%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who would rather have…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Smaller government; fewer services
Bigger government; more services
Depends
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
43%
49%
4%
4%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
53%
43%
2%
3%
1,544
Don't know
48%
34%
7%
12%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who say government aid to the poor…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
30%
65%
3%
2%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
52%
41%
4%
2%
1,544
Don't know
43%
37%
10%
10%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who say abortion should be…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
82%
16%
3%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
45%
50%
5%
1,544
Don't know
45%
32%
23%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who say homosexuality…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
96%
3%
1%
1%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
30%
62%
4%
4%
1,544
Don't know
45%
13%
21%
22%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who say…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
21%
75%
2%
2%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
46%
48%
2%
3%
1,544
Don't know
38%
43%
6%
12%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among Non-Christians by views about same-sex marriage
% of Non-Christians who say humans…
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Views about same-sex marriage
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
Strongly favor/favor
70%
13%
4%
11%
2%
7,875
Oppose/strongly oppose
31%
22%
4%
37%
6%
1,544
Don't know
36%
18%
12%
20%
13%
604
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.