---
title: "Appendix A: References"
description: "Kramarow, Ellen A. 1995. “The Elderly Who Live Alone in the United States: Historical Perspectives on Household Change.” Demography 32(3):335-352. McGarry, Kathleen and Robert F. Schoeni. 2000. “Social Security, Economic Growth, and the Rise in Elderly Widows’ Independence in the Twentieth Century.” Demography 37(2):221-236. Ruggles, Steven. 2007. “The Decline of Intergenerational Coresidence in the United […]"
date: "2016-02-18"
authors:
  - name: "Renee Stepler"
    job_title: "Former Research Analyst"
    link: "https://www.pewresearch.org/staff/renee-stepler/"
url: "https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2016/02/18/appendix-a-references-2/"
categories:
  - "Age & Generations"
  - "Family & Relationships"
  - "Older Adults & Aging"
---

# Appendix A: References

Kramarow, Ellen A. 1995. “The Elderly Who Live Alone in the United States: Historical Perspectives on Household Change.” Demography 32(3):335-352.

McGarry, Kathleen and Robert F. Schoeni. 2000. “Social Security, Economic Growth, and the Rise in Elderly Widows’ Independence in the Twentieth Century.” Demography 37(2):221-236.

Ruggles, Steven. 2007. “The Decline of Intergenerational Coresidence in the United States, 1850 to 2000.” American Sociological Review 72(Dec):964-989.

West, Loraine A., Samantha Cole, Daniel Goodkind, and Wan He. 2014. 65+ in the United States: 2010. Washington, D.C., June.[https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2014/demo/p23-212.pdf](https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2014/demo/p23-212.pdf)

U.S. Census Bureau. 2015. A Gray Revolution in Living Arrangements. Washington D.C., July. [http://blogs.census.gov/2015/07/14/a-gray-revolution-in-living-arrangements/](http://blogs.census.gov/2015/07/14/a-gray-revolution-in-living-arrangements/)

---

**Next:** [Appendix B: Detailed Tables](https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2016/02/18/appendix-b-detailed-tables.md)