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Pew Research CenterJune 8, 2015
Multiracial in America

The 1860 Census Had Three Race Categories: White, Black and Mulatto

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The 1860 Census Had Three Race Categories: White, Black and Mulatto

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Multiracial in America
The Multiracial Experience
Estimating the Size of the Multiracial Population
For Some, Racial Identity Has Changed
Many Multiracial Adults Have Experienced Racial Discrimination
Do Multiracial Adults Feel a Common Bond with Other Multiracial Adults?
White and American Indian Biracial Adults Are the Largest Multiracial Group
Multiracial Babies on the Rise
4-in-10 Have Mixed-Race Background and Say They’re Multiracial
Few Multiracial Adults Say Their Racial Background Has Been a Disadvantage
Biracial White and Black Adults Have Much Closer Ties to Black Relatives
Multiracial Adults Less Likely to Have Single-Race Partners
White and American Indian Adults Are the Only Multiracial Group that Leans Republican
Instructions to 1930 Census Takers on Counting People by Race
How the 2010 U.S. Census Asked About Hispanic Origin and Race
New Census Question Could Ask About Both Race and Hispanic Origin
The 1860 Census Had Three Race Categories: White, Black and Mulatto
Census Data Say There Are 9.3 Million U.S. Multiracial Adults and Children
In Census Data, Younger Americans Are Most Likely to Be Multiracial
American Community Survey Ancestry Question
Census Data Show Share of Americans with Two-Race Ancestry Nearly Doubled Since 1980
White and American Indian Biracial Adults Are the Largest Multiracial Group
Most Multiracial Adults Are Biracial
Multiracial Background More Distant for Some Groups than Others
Multiracial Adults Younger, Less Likely to Be College Graduates
The Multiracial “Identity Gap”
Top Reasons that a Majority of Mixed-Race Adults Don’t Identify as Multiracial
Multiracial Identity Fades over the Generations
Most Biracial White and Black Adults Say They are Seen by Others as Black
Attempts to Change How Others See Their Race
Some Mixed-Race Groups More Likely than Others to Try to Change How People See Them
1-in-5 Have Felt Pressured to Identify as One Race
Pressure to Identify as One Race, by Biracial Groups
Constructing Personal Identity
Importance of Racial Background Varies Among Major Multiracial Groups
Identity Among Biracial White and Black Adults and Single-Race Blacks and Whites
Few Multiracial Adults Say Their Racial Background Has Been a Disadvantage
Advantage of Biracial vs. Single-Race Background
More Have Felt Pride than Shame in Multiracial Background
Multiracial Adults Say They Are More Open to Other Cultures and Races, but Not a “Bridge” Between Different Racial Groups
Confusion About One’s Background Depends in Part on Racial Composition
Multiracial Adults Who Are Perceived as White Are Less Likely to Have Experienced Discrimination
Multiracial Adults Who Have Experienced Discrimination More Likely to Have Felt Like an Outsider
More Talk to Their Children About Having Racial Background than Say Their Parents Talked to Them
About as Many Mothers as Fathers of Young Children Now Talk About Racial Background
Higher Levels of Satisfaction Among General Public
Higher Levels of Satisfaction with Community Among White and Asian Biracial Adults
White and Black Biracial Adults Feel More in Common with Blacks; Asian and White Biracial Adults Feel More in Common with Whites
Few Multiracial Adults with American Indian Backgrounds Say They Have a Lot in Common with People Who Are American Indian
3-in-10 Multiracial Hispanics Have a Lot in Common with People Who Are Hispanic
Do Multiracial Adults Feel a Common Bond with Other Multiracial Adults?

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