Religious tradition among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who are…
| Survey year | Buddhist | Catholic | Evangelical Protestant | Hindu | Historically Black Protestant | Jehovah's Witness | Jewish | Mainline Protestant | Mormon | Muslim | Orthodox Christian | Other Christian | Other Faiths | Other World Religions | Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | < 1% | 21% | 35% | < 1% | 9% | 1% | 1% | 15% | 2% | 1% | < 1% | < 1% | 1% | < 1% | 10% | < 1% | 21,904 |
| 2007 | < 1% | 24% | 33% | < 1% | 9% | 1% | 1% | 18% | 2% | 1% | 1% | < 1% | 1% | < 1% | 8% | < 1% | 25,667 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Learn More: Catholic, Evangelical Protestant, Historically Black Protestant, Jehovah's Witness, Jewish, Mainline Protestant, Mormon, Muslim, Orthodox Christian, Unaffiliated (religious "nones")
Demographic✭Information
Age distribution among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who are ages…
| Religious tradition | 18-29 | 30-49 | 50-64 | 65+ | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 15% | 33% | 30% | 23% | 4,674 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 16% | 33% | 30% | 20% | 7,436 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 19% | 37% | 29% | 15% | 1,655 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 15% | 34% | 28% | 23% | 215 |
| Jewish | 22% | 30% | 29% | 20% | 268 |
| Mainline Protestant | 15% | 28% | 30% | 27% | 3,900 |
| Mormon | 21% | 39% | 23% | 17% | 563 |
| Muslim | 45% | 37% | 12% | 6% | 190 |
| Orthodox Christian | 20% | 48% | 21% | 11% | 107 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 27% | 40% | 24% | 8% | 1,774 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who are…
| Religious tradition | Younger Millennial | Older Millennial | Generation X | Baby Boomer | Silent | Greatest | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 10% | 9% | 28% | 36% | 15% | 2% | 4,674 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 10% | 12% | 28% | 35% | 14% | 1% | 7,436 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 11% | 14% | 31% | 33% | 10% | 1% | 1,655 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 10% | 10% | 29% | 32% | 18% | 1% | 215 |
| Jewish | 11% | 14% | 26% | 34% | 12% | 3% | 268 |
| Mainline Protestant | 9% | 10% | 24% | 38% | 17% | 2% | 3,900 |
| Mormon | 14% | 16% | 30% | 28% | 11% | 1% | 563 |
| Muslim | 28% | 22% | 31% | 14% | 4% | < 1% | 190 |
| Orthodox Christian | 12% | 20% | 37% | 22% | 9% | 1% | 107 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 15% | 20% | 32% | 27% | 5% | < 1% | 1,774 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who are…
| Religious tradition | Men | Women | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 42% | 58% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 44% | 56% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 40% | 60% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 34% | 66% | 221 |
| Jewish | 47% | 53% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 41% | 59% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 44% | 56% | 576 |
| Muslim | 65% | 35% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 58% | 42% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 49% | 51% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who identify as…
| Religious tradition | White | Black | Asian | Latino | Other/Mixed | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 62% | 4% | 3% | 30% | 2% | 4,702 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 77% | 6% | 2% | 11% | 5% | 7,489 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 2% | 94% | < 1% | 3% | 1% | 1,691 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 36% | 28% | 1% | 29% | 6% | 218 |
| Jewish | 82% | 6% | 4% | 7% | 2% | 273 |
| Mainline Protestant | 85% | 4% | 1% | 6% | 4% | 3,928 |
| Mormon | 86% | < 1% | 2% | 7% | 4% | 568 |
| Muslim | 37% | 30% | 27% | 3% | 3% | 188 |
| Orthodox Christian | 78% | 10% | 5% | 5% | 2% | 111 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 54% | 19% | 3% | 18% | 7% | 1,753 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who are…
| Religious tradition | Immigrants | Second generation | Third generation or higher | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 24% | 15% | 61% | 4,728 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 8% | 7% | 85% | 7,506 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 6% | 3% | 90% | 1,660 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 23% | 8% | 69% | 219 |
| Jewish | 17% | 20% | 63% | 274 |
| Mainline Protestant | 7% | 6% | 87% | 3,954 |
| Mormon | 7% | 7% | 86% | 570 |
| Muslim | 66% | 17% | 17% | 183 |
| Orthodox Christian | 40% | 26% | 34% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 13% | 10% | 77% | 1,764 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who have a household income of…
| Religious tradition | Less than $30,000 | $30,000-$49,999 | $50,000-$99,999 | $100,000 or more | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 34% | 20% | 26% | 19% | 4,040 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 34% | 22% | 29% | 14% | 6,580 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 52% | 22% | 18% | 8% | 1,510 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 48% | 23% | 24% | 4% | 187 |
| Jewish | 25% | 16% | 23% | 36% | 235 |
| Mainline Protestant | 31% | 21% | 28% | 20% | 3,392 |
| Mormon | 27% | 19% | 33% | 22% | 513 |
| Muslim | 36% | 19% | 29% | 16% | 164 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 46% | 22% | 20% | 13% | 1,574 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who have completed…
| Religious tradition | High school or less | Some college | College | Post-graduate degree | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 44% | 29% | 17% | 10% | 4,750 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 43% | 36% | 14% | 7% | 7,551 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 51% | 34% | 9% | 6% | 1,685 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 62% | 26% | 9% | 3% | 217 |
| Jewish | 26% | 25% | 24% | 25% | 275 |
| Mainline Protestant | 38% | 31% | 18% | 12% | 3,963 |
| Mormon | 25% | 41% | 24% | 10% | 574 |
| Muslim | 37% | 27% | 22% | 14% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 28% | 36% | 26% | 10% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 52% | 32% | 12% | 5% | 1,797 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who are…
| Religious tradition | Married | Living with a partner | Divorced/separated | Widowed | Never married | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 53% | 6% | 12% | 8% | 20% | 4,758 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 57% | 4% | 14% | 8% | 17% | 7,567 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 31% | 6% | 19% | 9% | 35% | 1,689 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 55% | 4% | 13% | 8% | 20% | 220 |
| Jewish | 64% | 5% | 8% | 6% | 17% | 276 |
| Mainline Protestant | 56% | 4% | 13% | 10% | 17% | 3,969 |
| Mormon | 68% | 3% | 7% | 5% | 17% | 573 |
| Muslim | 42% | 5% | 9% | 1% | 43% | 190 |
| Orthodox Christian | 49% | 6% | 9% | 10% | 26% | 110 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 36% | 11% | 16% | 4% | 34% | 1,794 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Parent of children under 18 among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who are…
| Religious tradition | Parents | Non-parents | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 29% | 71% | 4,756 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 31% | 69% | 7,563 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 31% | 69% | 1,687 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 29% | 71% | 220 |
| Jewish | 31% | 69% | 276 |
| Mainline Protestant | 26% | 74% | 3,981 |
| Mormon | 42% | 58% | 573 |
| Muslim | 41% | 59% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 32% | 68% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 32% | 68% | 1,799 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Beliefs✭and✭Practices
Importance of religion in one's life among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who say religion is…
| Religious tradition | Very important | Somewhat important | Not too important | Not at all important | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 70% | 26% | 3% | 1% | < 1% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 85% | 13% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 89% | 9% | 1% | 1% | < 1% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 93% | 6% | < 1% | < 1% | 1% | 221 |
| Jewish | 72% | 20% | 6% | 1% | < 1% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 70% | 26% | 3% | 1% | 1% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 89% | 10% | 1% | < 1% | < 1% | 576 |
| Muslim | 73% | 20% | 4% | 2% | 1% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 74% | 17% | 6% | 3% | < 1% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 36% | 34% | 14% | 14% | 2% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who attend religious services…
| Religious tradition | At least once a week | Once or twice a month/a few times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 47% | 37% | 15% | < 1% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 62% | 28% | 10% | 1% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 56% | 35% | 9% | 1% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 87% | 10% | 3% | 1% | 221 |
| Jewish | 39% | 42% | 19% | < 1% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 41% | 40% | 18% | 1% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 80% | 13% | 6% | 1% | 576 |
| Muslim | 50% | 29% | 19% | 1% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 41% | 48% | 11% | < 1% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 12% | 33% | 55% | < 1% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who pray…
| Religious tradition | At least daily | Weekly | Monthly | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 70% | 19% | 5% | 6% | 1% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 84% | 12% | 2% | 2% | 1% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 83% | 11% | 3% | 3% | 1% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 92% | 5% | 2% | < 1% | 1% | 221 |
| Jewish | 59% | 19% | 7% | 13% | 1% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 68% | 20% | 4% | 6% | 1% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 91% | 6% | 2% | 1% | < 1% | 576 |
| Muslim | 76% | 8% | 4% | 10% | 2% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 72% | 15% | 4% | 5% | 3% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 50% | 20% | 7% | 21% | 1% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who attend prayer group…
| Religious tradition | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 20% | 10% | 11% | 58% | 1% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 47% | 13% | 9% | 30% | 1% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 47% | 15% | 9% | 29% | 1% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 87% | 2% | 4% | 6% | 2% | 221 |
| Jewish | 34% | 11% | 15% | 39% | 1% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 26% | 12% | 10% | 52% | < 1% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 76% | 6% | 3% | 15% | < 1% | 576 |
| Muslim | 38% | 11% | 14% | 36% | 1% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 30% | 10% | 18% | 42% | < 1% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 13% | 7% | 7% | 73% | < 1% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who meditate…
| Religious tradition | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 45% | 8% | 4% | 41% | 1% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 51% | 6% | 3% | 38% | 2% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 57% | 8% | 3% | 30% | 2% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 77% | 3% | 2% | 15% | 3% | 221 |
| Jewish | 40% | 7% | 4% | 44% | 5% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 42% | 9% | 4% | 43% | 2% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 63% | 8% | 1% | 26% | 2% | 576 |
| Muslim | 37% | 8% | 8% | 39% | 9% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 42% | 7% | 4% | 46% | 1% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 41% | 8% | 4% | 46% | 1% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
| Religious tradition | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 65% | 16% | 9% | 9% | 1% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 79% | 11% | 5% | 4% | 1% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 76% | 11% | 6% | 7% | 1% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 84% | 5% | 5% | 4% | 2% | 221 |
| Jewish | 61% | 14% | 10% | 14% | 1% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 65% | 17% | 8% | 8% | 1% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 88% | 6% | 3% | 2% | 1% | 576 |
| Muslim | 68% | 13% | 7% | 8% | 4% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 64% | 23% | 8% | 5% | < 1% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 58% | 14% | 9% | 17% | 2% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
| Religious tradition | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 44% | 15% | 13% | 27% | 1% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 48% | 16% | 11% | 24% | 2% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 43% | 15% | 11% | 30% | 2% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 63% | 13% | 5% | 16% | 4% | 221 |
| Jewish | 47% | 18% | 11% | 23% | 1% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 46% | 15% | 13% | 25% | 2% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 49% | 24% | 12% | 14% | < 1% | 576 |
| Muslim | 59% | 17% | 5% | 16% | 3% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 50% | 14% | 17% | 17% | 3% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 49% | 14% | 8% | 28% | 1% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
| Religious tradition | Religion | Philosophy/reason | Common sense | Science | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 36% | 9% | 46% | 7% | 3% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 65% | 4% | 27% | 2% | 2% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 51% | 5% | 38% | 4% | 2% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 80% | < 1% | 13% | 2% | 4% | 221 |
| Jewish | 35% | 12% | 44% | 6% | 3% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 39% | 8% | 46% | 5% | 2% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 70% | 2% | 22% | 2% | 4% | 576 |
| Muslim | 41% | 8% | 36% | 10% | 5% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 39% | 6% | 48% | 6% | 1% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 19% | 12% | 57% | 8% | 3% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who say…
| Religious tradition | There are clear standards for what is right and wrong | Right or wrong depends on the situation | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 33% | 64% | 1% | 1% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 53% | 45% | 2% | 1% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 30% | 67% | 1% | 1% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 58% | 38% | 2% | 2% | 221 |
| Jewish | 27% | 69% | 3% | 1% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 36% | 62% | 1% | 1% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 61% | 37% | 2% | < 1% | 576 |
| Muslim | 22% | 75% | 1% | 3% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 37% | 62% | < 1% | 1% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 25% | 71% | 2% | 2% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who read scripture…
| Religious tradition | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 31% | 13% | 11% | 45% | 1% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 68% | 11% | 6% | 14% | 1% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 64% | 13% | 7% | 16% | 1% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 91% | 2% | 3% | 3% | 1% | 221 |
| Jewish | 38% | 10% | 9% | 41% | 2% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 40% | 14% | 12% | 32% | 1% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 81% | 7% | 3% | 8% | 1% | 576 |
| Muslim | 52% | 15% | 10% | 22% | 2% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 39% | 19% | 10% | 32% | 1% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 26% | 10% | 7% | 56% | 1% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who say the holy scripture is…
| Religious tradition | Word of God; should be taken literally | Word of God; not everything taken literally | Word of God; other/don't know | Not the word of God | Other/don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 29% | 42% | 3% | 18% | 7% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 59% | 28% | 4% | 5% | 4% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 62% | 23% | 3% | 7% | 5% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 49% | 38% | 8% | 1% | 4% | 221 |
| Jewish | 26% | 39% | 3% | 21% | 10% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 32% | 39% | 3% | 16% | 9% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 35% | 56% | 5% | 2% | 2% | 576 |
| Muslim | 48% | 28% | 11% | 10% | 3% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 35% | 45% | 4% | 9% | 8% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 26% | 23% | 2% | 39% | 10% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who …in heaven
| Religious tradition | Believe | Don't believe | Other/don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 92% | 5% | 3% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 89% | 5% | 7% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 94% | 3% | 2% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 51% | 36% | 12% | 221 |
| Jewish | 67% | 24% | 9% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 88% | 6% | 6% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 97% | 1% | 2% | 576 |
| Muslim | 92% | 6% | 2% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 93% | 2% | 5% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 70% | 20% | 9% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who …in hell
| Religious tradition | Believe | Don't believe | Other/don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 70% | 23% | 7% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 84% | 9% | 7% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 85% | 10% | 6% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 7% | 89% | 3% | 221 |
| Jewish | 45% | 46% | 9% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 69% | 21% | 10% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 64% | 29% | 7% | 576 |
| Muslim | 82% | 13% | 5% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 71% | 17% | 12% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 53% | 39% | 8% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Social✭and✭Political✭Views
Party affiliation among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who identify as…
| Religious tradition | Republican/lean Rep. | No lean | Democrat/lean Dem. | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 41% | 18% | 41% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 58% | 16% | 26% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 10% | 9% | 80% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 7% | 78% | 15% | 221 |
| Jewish | 38% | 15% | 47% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 47% | 15% | 37% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 75% | 10% | 15% | 576 |
| Muslim | 17% | 23% | 60% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 34% | 24% | 42% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 27% | 29% | 45% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who are…
| Religious tradition | Conservative | Moderate | Liberal | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 41% | 36% | 18% | 5% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 58% | 26% | 11% | 6% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 37% | 32% | 24% | 7% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 20% | 18% | 10% | 53% | 221 |
| Jewish | 34% | 34% | 27% | 4% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 41% | 36% | 17% | 5% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 65% | 25% | 7% | 3% | 576 |
| Muslim | 24% | 38% | 31% | 7% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 37% | 51% | 11% | 2% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 27% | 33% | 29% | 11% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who would rather have…
| Religious tradition | Smaller government; fewer services | Bigger government; more services | Depends | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 51% | 43% | 3% | 3% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 65% | 29% | 3% | 3% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 24% | 70% | 3% | 4% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 31% | 51% | 4% | 14% | 221 |
| Jewish | 44% | 49% | 3% | 3% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 60% | 33% | 3% | 4% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 79% | 18% | 1% | 1% | 576 |
| Muslim | 20% | 74% | 4% | 2% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 61% | 38% | 1% | 1% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 47% | 46% | 3% | 4% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who say government aid to the poor…
| Religious tradition | Does more harm than good | Does more good than harm | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 48% | 47% | 4% | 2% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 57% | 37% | 4% | 2% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 27% | 67% | 4% | 2% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 31% | 59% | 6% | 4% | 221 |
| Jewish | 39% | 53% | 3% | 4% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 50% | 44% | 4% | 2% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 67% | 28% | 3% | 1% | 576 |
| Muslim | 31% | 62% | 4% | 4% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 45% | 52% | 2% | < 1% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 42% | 51% | 5% | 3% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who say abortion should be…
| Religious tradition | Legal in all/most cases | Illegal in all/most cases | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 43% | 52% | 5% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 30% | 67% | 4% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 51% | 43% | 6% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 17% | 75% | 8% | 221 |
| Jewish | 66% | 30% | 4% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 55% | 41% | 4% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 24% | 74% | 2% | 576 |
| Muslim | 52% | 39% | 9% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 48% | 51% | 1% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 55% | 40% | 6% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who say homosexuality…
| Religious tradition | Should be accepted | Should be discouraged | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 66% | 26% | 4% | 4% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 33% | 59% | 5% | 4% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 50% | 41% | 6% | 4% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 14% | 78% | 4% | 3% | 221 |
| Jewish | 60% | 35% | 4% | 1% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 60% | 31% | 5% | 4% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 32% | 61% | 4% | 3% | 576 |
| Muslim | 39% | 54% | 3% | 4% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 49% | 40% | 5% | 5% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 69% | 23% | 4% | 4% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who …same-sex marriage
| Religious tradition | Strongly favor/favor | Oppose/strongly oppose | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 52% | 38% | 10% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 25% | 68% | 7% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 38% | 54% | 8% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 12% | 79% | 9% | 221 |
| Jewish | 54% | 38% | 8% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 51% | 41% | 8% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 20% | 74% | 6% | 576 |
| Muslim | 35% | 58% | 6% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 41% | 55% | 4% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 59% | 32% | 9% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who say…
| Religious tradition | Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy | Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 40% | 54% | 2% | 4% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 50% | 44% | 3% | 3% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 36% | 58% | 2% | 4% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 33% | 53% | 4% | 9% | 221 |
| Jewish | 36% | 60% | 2% | 3% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 41% | 54% | 3% | 2% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 55% | 39% | 3% | 2% | 576 |
| Muslim | 28% | 65% | 4% | 4% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 36% | 62% | < 1% | 1% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 36% | 57% | 3% | 4% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among adults who believe in God with absolute certainty by religious group
% of adults who believe in God with absolute certainty who say humans…
| Religious tradition | Evolved; due to natural processes | Evolved; due to God's design | Evolved; don't know how | Always existed in present form | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 22% | 36% | 4% | 33% | 5% | 4,775 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 8% | 24% | 2% | 61% | 5% | 7,594 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 14% | 31% | 3% | 47% | 5% | 1,694 |
| Jehovah's Witness | 4% | 13% | < 1% | 79% | 5% | 221 |
| Jewish | 23% | 33% | 4% | 33% | 6% | 277 |
| Mainline Protestant | 19% | 35% | 4% | 37% | 6% | 3,989 |
| Mormon | 7% | 29% | 1% | 56% | 7% | 576 |
| Muslim | 21% | 25% | 2% | 45% | 8% | 192 |
| Orthodox Christian | 13% | 26% | 5% | 47% | 8% | 113 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 29% | 30% | 5% | 32% | 5% | 1,805 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
