Survey yearEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
201433%32%5%25%4%672
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Evolved; due to natural processes, Evolved; due to God's design, Always existed in present form

DemographicInformation

Age distribution among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who are ages…

Views about human evolution18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
Evolved; due to natural processes10%27%29%34%248
Evolved; due to God's design6%26%35%33%211
Always existed in present form15%17%32%36%130
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who are…

Views about human evolutionYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes7%6%24%40%19%4%248
Evolved; due to God's design4%7%21%45%23%1%211
Always existed in present form10%6%16%39%23%7%130
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who are…

Views about human evolutionMenWomenSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes45%55%253
Evolved; due to God's design46%54%215
Always existed in present form36%64%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who identify as…

Views about human evolutionWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes94%3%1%1%1%251
Evolved; due to God's design86%5%4%4%2%214
Always existed in present form82%8%5%4%1%136
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who are…

Views about human evolutionImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes5%6%89%253
Evolved; due to God's design10%7%83%214
Always existed in present form17%3%79%136
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who have a household income of…

Views about human evolutionLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes16%11%33%40%224
Evolved; due to God's design16%15%34%36%187
Always existed in present form36%24%28%11%115
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who have completed…

Views about human evolutionHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes18%24%30%28%252
Evolved; due to God's design24%23%31%22%214
Always existed in present form44%37%13%7%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who are…

Views about human evolutionMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes63%3%13%11%10%253
Evolved; due to God's design66%3%15%7%8%215
Always existed in present form57%3%8%16%16%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who are…

Views about human evolutionParentsNon-parentsSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes25%75%253
Evolved; due to God's design20%80%215
Always existed in present form23%77%136
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who say they…

Views about human evolutionBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes42%43%10%< 1%4%1%253
Evolved; due to God's design72%26%1%< 1%< 1%< 1%215
Always existed in present form82%13%1%3%1%< 1%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Importance of religion in one's life among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who say religion is…

Views about human evolutionVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes31%39%26%2%1%253
Evolved; due to God's design58%38%4%< 1%< 1%215
Always existed in present form73%24%1%< 1%2%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who attend religious services…

Views about human evolutionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes21%53%26%< 1%253
Evolved; due to God's design40%47%12%< 1%215
Always existed in present form44%37%19%< 1%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who pray…

Views about human evolutionAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes34%26%12%27%1%253
Evolved; due to God's design56%30%9%5%1%215
Always existed in present form76%12%2%8%2%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who attend prayer group…

Views about human evolutionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes7%6%6%81%< 1%253
Evolved; due to God's design24%13%13%49%< 1%215
Always existed in present form32%20%4%43%< 1%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who meditate…

Views about human evolutionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes31%9%5%56%< 1%253
Evolved; due to God's design38%10%4%47%1%215
Always existed in present form43%10%1%42%3%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Views about human evolutionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes52%14%17%17%< 1%253
Evolved; due to God's design62%18%12%7%1%215
Always existed in present form61%19%10%7%2%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Views about human evolutionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes49%15%20%14%1%253
Evolved; due to God's design52%14%13%20%1%215
Always existed in present form42%21%10%26%1%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Views about human evolutionReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes13%17%57%11%1%253
Evolved; due to God's design33%11%47%6%4%215
Always existed in present form43%9%42%2%4%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who say…

Views about human evolutionThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes25%73%2%1%253
Evolved; due to God's design38%58%3%1%215
Always existed in present form40%55%2%3%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who read scripture…

Views about human evolutionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes14%12%12%62%< 1%253
Evolved; due to God's design30%19%13%38%< 1%215
Always existed in present form47%17%5%29%2%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who say the holy scripture is…

Views about human evolutionWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes7%22%1%55%15%253
Evolved; due to God's design19%52%1%21%7%215
Always existed in present form40%42%5%6%7%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who …in heaven

Views about human evolutionBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes61%27%11%253
Evolved; due to God's design90%3%6%215
Always existed in present form88%6%6%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who …in hell

Views about human evolutionBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes37%57%7%253
Evolved; due to God's design59%28%13%215
Always existed in present form73%21%7%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who identify as…

Views about human evolutionRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
Evolved; due to natural processes36%9%54%253
Evolved; due to God's design47%16%37%215
Always existed in present form60%8%33%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Political ideology among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who are…

Views about human evolutionConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes23%42%34%1%253
Evolved; due to God's design36%41%21%3%215
Always existed in present form57%30%8%4%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who would rather have…

Views about human evolutionSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes54%40%4%3%253
Evolved; due to God's design62%30%2%6%215
Always existed in present form66%29%1%4%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who say government aid to the poor…

Views about human evolutionDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes37%61%1%1%253
Evolved; due to God's design48%48%3%1%215
Always existed in present form46%43%7%4%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who say abortion should be…

Views about human evolutionLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes80%18%2%253
Evolved; due to God's design74%24%2%215
Always existed in present form42%53%5%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who say homosexuality…

Views about human evolutionShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes85%10%2%3%253
Evolved; due to God's design67%23%6%4%215
Always existed in present form53%39%6%3%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who …same-sex marriage

Views about human evolutionStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes80%16%4%253
Evolved; due to God's design59%31%10%215
Always existed in present form39%56%5%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition by views about human evolution

% of presbyterians in the Mainline Tradition who say…

Views about human evolutionStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Evolved; due to natural processes29%68%1%2%253
Evolved; due to God's design41%54%2%2%215
Always existed in present form58%35%3%4%137
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.