DemographicInformation

Age distribution among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who are ages…

Survey year18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
201413%17%32%38%262
200710%28%29%33%211
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who are…

Survey yearYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
201410%6%15%43%22%4%262
2007< 1%7%19%33%27%14%211
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who are…

Survey yearMenWomenSample size
201449%51%269
200754%46%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who identify as…

Survey yearWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
201485%6%4%3%1%267
200793%2%2%2%1%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who are…

Survey yearImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
201415%2%83%268
20073%5%92%214
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who have a household income of…

Survey yearLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
201420%21%31%28%229
200719%16%39%27%162
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who have completed…

Survey yearHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
201431%33%24%12%268
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who are…

Survey yearMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
201464%2%11%9%14%269
200760%3%9%16%12%213
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who are…

Survey yearParentsNon-parentsSample size
201416%84%268
200728%72%214
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who say they…

Survey yearBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
201469%25%3%2%1%1%269
200773%21%4%< 1%1%1%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Importance of religion in one's life among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who say religion is…

Survey yearVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
201453%34%10%1%2%269
200752%34%10%3%1%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who attend religious services…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201433%47%20%< 1%269
200742%38%20%< 1%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who pray…

Survey yearAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201458%19%10%12%1%269
200755%20%9%16%< 1%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who attend prayer group…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201420%14%10%56%1%269
200721%12%8%59%1%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who meditate…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201431%9%3%55%2%269
200739%5%6%48%2%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201457%16%14%12%1%269
200749%15%12%23%2%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201445%18%14%23%1%269
200741%14%18%23%4%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Survey yearReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
201431%8%54%3%4%269
200729%9%54%4%2%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who say…

Survey yearThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201444%54%1%< 1%269
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who read scripture…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201431%18%7%44%1%269
200731%13%10%45%< 1%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who say the holy scripture is…

Survey yearWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
201429%38%2%23%8%269
200724%42%4%20%10%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who …in heaven

Survey yearBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
201484%10%7%269
200782%10%9%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who …in hell

Survey yearBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
201462%30%8%269
200755%36%9%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who identify as…

Survey yearRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
201470%13%17%269
200771%8%21%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Political ideology among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who are…

Survey yearConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
201460%28%7%4%269
200753%37%8%2%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who would rather have…

Survey yearSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
201480%18%< 1%2%269
200769%27%2%2%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who say government aid to the poor…

Survey yearDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201465%30%3%2%269
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who say abortion should be…

Survey yearLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
201452%43%5%269
200755%41%3%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who say homosexuality…

Survey yearShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201455%35%7%3%269
200744%47%5%5%215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who …same-sex marriage

Survey yearStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
201446%48%6%269
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.)

% of adults who say that stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy who are presbyterian Family (Mainline Trad.) who say humans…

Survey yearEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
201424%32%5%36%4%269
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.