DemographicInformation

Age distribution among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who are ages…

Survey year18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
201413%27%29%31%277
20077%32%33%28%333
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who are…

Survey yearYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
20149%9%22%35%21%3%277
2007< 1%6%20%39%28%7%333
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who are…

Survey yearMenWomenSample size
201465%35%281
200765%35%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who identify as…

Survey yearWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
201490%< 1%< 1%7%2%273
200796%1%1%1%1%338
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who are…

Survey yearImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
20147%10%83%278
20074%7%90%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who have a household income of…

Survey yearLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
201413%20%29%37%247
200716%16%36%31%285
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who have completed…

Survey yearHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
201433%26%23%19%280
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who are…

Survey yearMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
201460%8%11%6%14%281
200767%2%12%9%11%340
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who are…

Survey yearParentsNon-parentsSample size
201427%73%279
200727%73%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who say they…

Survey yearBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
201437%33%15%2%11%4%281
200744%35%9%1%7%4%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Importance of religion in one's life among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who say religion is…

Survey yearVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
201424%36%27%12%1%281
200725%39%26%10%< 1%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who attend religious services…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201413%44%41%1%281
200721%42%37%1%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who pray…

Survey yearAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201434%17%10%37%2%281
200729%20%11%38%2%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who attend prayer group…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201410%6%8%76%1%281
20078%2%5%84%1%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who meditate…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201427%12%5%54%1%281
200727%8%4%59%2%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201440%22%11%27%1%281
200733%13%16%34%4%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201440%18%16%24%2%281
200742%13%16%28%1%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Survey yearReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
201416%15%58%8%3%281
200712%17%60%8%2%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who say…

Survey yearThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201441%57%1%1%281
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who read scripture…

Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201419%10%10%61%1%281
200715%8%11%66%1%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who say the holy scripture is…

Survey yearWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
201413%18%2%57%10%281
20078%22%2%61%7%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who …in hell

Survey yearBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
201417%80%3%281
200714%84%3%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Political ideology among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who are…

Survey yearConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
201452%40%6%3%281
200753%37%8%2%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who would rather have…

Survey yearSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
201484%13%2%1%281
200775%17%3%4%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who say government aid to the poor…

Survey yearDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201468%28%2%2%281
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who say abortion should be…

Survey yearLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
201466%32%3%281
200765%29%6%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who say homosexuality…

Survey yearShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201464%27%5%4%281
200752%36%10%2%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who …same-sex marriage

Survey yearStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
201453%40%7%281
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who say…

Survey yearStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
201452%43%1%4%281
200741%49%4%7%341
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep.

% of Mainline Protestants who do not believe in Heaven who identify as republican/lean Rep. who say humans…

Survey yearEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
201450%17%6%25%2%281
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.