Survey yearAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
201459%16%10%14%1%8,366
200752%15%13%18%2%10,705
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Several times a year, Seldom/never

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among parents by religious group

% of parents who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Religious traditionAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Catholic56%17%12%13%1%1,761
Evangelical Protestant73%13%7%6%1%2,175
Historically Black Protestant72%14%7%7%< 1%487
Jewish44%17%16%24%< 1%184
Mainline Protestant53%22%12%12%1%1,218
Mormon79%9%6%6%1%242
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")44%16%10%28%2%1,744
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Several times a year, Seldom/never

DemographicInformation

Age distribution among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who are ages…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
At least once a week16%67%14%2%4,870
Once or twice a month17%69%13%1%1,334
Several times a year15%70%13%1%814
Seldom/never18%68%13%1%1,158
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who are…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
At least once a week6%23%56%15%1%< 1%4,870
Once or twice a month6%24%56%13%1%< 1%1,334
Several times a year6%21%59%14%1%< 1%814
Seldom/never6%26%53%13%1%< 1%1,158
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who are…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingMenWomenSample size
At least once a week40%60%4,941
Once or twice a month44%56%1,353
Several times a year48%52%825
Seldom/never55%45%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who identify as…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
At least once a week56%14%4%22%5%4,878
Once or twice a month65%12%4%17%2%1,341
Several times a year63%9%5%20%2%820
Seldom/never67%8%3%18%4%1,165
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who are…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
At least once a week22%8%70%4,880
Once or twice a month17%8%75%1,338
Several times a year22%8%70%817
Seldom/never19%9%72%1,153
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who have a household income of…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
At least once a week33%19%27%21%4,539
Once or twice a month31%17%28%24%1,260
Several times a year28%16%30%26%774
Seldom/never32%18%27%23%1,086
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who have completed…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
At least once a week36%34%19%11%4,921
Once or twice a month35%31%21%13%1,351
Several times a year36%29%20%15%822
Seldom/never43%30%15%12%1,167
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who are…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
At least once a week67%8%12%2%11%4,929
Once or twice a month66%9%12%1%12%1,352
Several times a year70%9%10%1%11%823
Seldom/never61%12%12%1%14%1,169
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Belief in God among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who say they…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
At least once a week76%15%3%1%4%1%4,941
Once or twice a month63%25%5%< 1%6%1%1,353
Several times a year53%33%7%< 1%6%1%825
Seldom/never33%31%11%< 1%20%4%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Importance of religion in one's life among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who say religion is…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
At least once a week71%17%6%6%1%4,941
Once or twice a month48%35%10%7%< 1%1,353
Several times a year38%41%13%8%< 1%825
Seldom/never22%35%21%21%< 1%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who attend religious services…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
At least once a week50%31%19%< 1%4,941
Once or twice a month29%46%26%< 1%1,353
Several times a year19%50%30%< 1%825
Seldom/never12%35%52%< 1%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who pray…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
At least once a week72%13%3%11%< 1%4,941
Once or twice a month50%25%8%17%< 1%1,353
Several times a year42%22%12%23%1%825
Seldom/never24%16%10%50%< 1%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who attend prayer group…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
At least once a week37%14%8%40%< 1%4,941
Once or twice a month15%13%10%62%< 1%1,353
Several times a year9%8%15%68%< 1%825
Seldom/never9%4%5%82%< 1%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who meditate…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
At least once a week50%8%3%38%1%4,941
Once or twice a month29%12%5%53%< 1%1,353
Several times a year17%9%11%62%1%825
Seldom/never15%5%3%77%1%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
At least once a week52%16%10%21%1%4,941
Once or twice a month37%26%17%20%1%1,353
Several times a year23%16%31%30%1%825
Seldom/never24%13%15%47%1%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
At least once a week46%9%36%7%3%4,941
Once or twice a month26%11%52%9%1%1,353
Several times a year23%10%55%11%1%825
Seldom/never12%11%61%15%2%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who say…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
At least once a week40%58%1%1%4,941
Once or twice a month32%67%1%< 1%1,353
Several times a year31%67%< 1%1%825
Seldom/never23%75%1%< 1%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who read scripture…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
At least once a week52%11%8%29%1%4,941
Once or twice a month26%16%10%48%< 1%1,353
Several times a year15%11%16%58%< 1%825
Seldom/never9%6%6%79%< 1%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who say the holy scripture is…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
At least once a week40%28%3%22%6%4,941
Once or twice a month25%34%2%33%7%1,353
Several times a year21%33%3%36%7%825
Seldom/never15%21%1%54%9%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who …in heaven

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
At least once a week79%14%7%4,941
Once or twice a month78%16%6%1,353
Several times a year76%18%6%825
Seldom/never58%35%7%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Hell among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who …in hell

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
At least once a week67%26%7%4,941
Once or twice a month63%31%7%1,353
Several times a year60%32%7%825
Seldom/never46%46%9%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who identify as…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
At least once a week40%21%40%4,941
Once or twice a month38%20%42%1,353
Several times a year39%16%45%825
Seldom/never30%24%46%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Political ideology among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who are…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
At least once a week43%31%21%6%4,941
Once or twice a month32%37%25%6%1,353
Several times a year28%40%27%6%825
Seldom/never25%37%30%9%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who would rather have…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
At least once a week50%44%3%3%4,941
Once or twice a month48%46%2%3%1,353
Several times a year51%43%3%3%825
Seldom/never47%47%3%3%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who say government aid to the poor…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
At least once a week46%47%5%2%4,941
Once or twice a month45%50%3%1%1,353
Several times a year46%49%4%1%825
Seldom/never44%52%3%1%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who say abortion should be…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
At least once a week42%54%4%4,941
Once or twice a month55%43%2%1,353
Several times a year59%38%3%825
Seldom/never66%32%3%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who say homosexuality…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
At least once a week54%38%5%4%4,941
Once or twice a month71%24%3%2%1,353
Several times a year72%22%3%3%825
Seldom/never76%18%3%3%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who …same-sex marriage

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
At least once a week46%46%7%4,941
Once or twice a month61%33%6%1,353
Several times a year61%31%8%825
Seldom/never67%25%7%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who say…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
At least once a week40%54%2%3%4,941
Once or twice a month32%65%2%2%1,353
Several times a year39%57%2%3%825
Seldom/never32%63%3%3%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among parents by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing

% of parents who say humans…

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeingEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
At least once a week24%27%3%42%4%4,941
Once or twice a month36%26%4%31%3%1,353
Several times a year39%30%3%24%3%825
Seldom/never53%19%3%22%4%1,171
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.