Survey yearBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
201437%24%10%1%25%4%12,839
200748%25%8%1%14%5%10,938
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Believe in God; absolutely certain, Believe in God; fairly certain, Believe in God; not too/not at all certain, Do not believe in God

Belief in God among adults who do not believe in Hell by religious group

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say they…

Religious traditionBelieve in God; absolutely certainBelieve in God; fairly certainBelieve in God; not too/not at all certainBelieve in God; don't knowDo not believe in GodOther/don't know if they believe in GodSample size
Buddhist27%25%5%1%37%4%192
Catholic52%32%9%1%5%2%2,080
Evangelical Protestant72%22%4%< 1%2%1%957
Hindu31%35%17%< 1%16%1%118
Historically Black Protestant71%25%2%1%1%1%225
Jehovah's Witness90%9%< 1%< 1%< 1%< 1%215
Jewish24%31%18%< 1%22%5%637
Mainline Protestant49%35%9%1%5%2%2,056
Mormon82%13%4%< 1%1%< 1%227
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")16%18%11%< 1%48%5%5,272
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Learn More: Believe in God; absolutely certain, Believe in God; fairly certain, Believe in God; not too/not at all certain, Do not believe in God

DemographicInformation

Age distribution among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who are ages…

Belief in God18-2930-4950-6465+Sample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain18%32%30%21%4,533
Believe in God; fairly certain21%35%26%18%3,067
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain31%33%21%14%1,211
Do not believe in God37%34%17%12%3,184
Other/don't know if they believe in God23%35%23%18%522
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Generational cohort among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who are…

Belief in GodYounger MillennialOlder MillennialGeneration XBaby BoomerSilentGreatestSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain11%13%27%35%13%1%4,533
Believe in God; fairly certain13%15%28%32%11%1%3,067
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain20%18%27%25%9%1%1,211
Do not believe in God25%21%26%20%7%1%3,184
Other/don't know if they believe in God12%20%27%28%11%2%522
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Gender composition among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who are…

Belief in GodMenWomenSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain40%60%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain49%51%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain58%42%1,227
Do not believe in God66%34%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God59%41%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Racial and ethnic composition among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who identify as…

Belief in GodWhiteBlackAsianLatinoOther/MixedSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain63%12%3%17%4%4,549
Believe in God; fairly certain72%6%5%15%3%3,093
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain72%3%8%14%3%1,208
Do not believe in God78%3%7%9%3%3,187
Other/don't know if they believe in God85%4%3%4%4%529
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Immigrant status among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who are…

Belief in GodImmigrantsSecond generationThird generation or higherSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain16%12%72%4,582
Believe in God; fairly certain17%11%72%3,092
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain19%15%66%1,217
Do not believe in God12%15%73%3,195
Other/don't know if they believe in God10%9%81%535
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Income distribution among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who have a household income of…

Belief in GodLess than $30,000$30,000-$49,999$50,000-$99,999$100,000 or moreSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain34%21%27%18%4,033
Believe in God; fairly certain28%19%28%26%2,790
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain25%17%26%32%1,116
Do not believe in God23%18%31%28%2,959
Other/don't know if they believe in God21%17%30%32%458
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Educational distribution among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who have completed…

Belief in GodHigh school or lessSome collegeCollegePost-graduate degreeSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain39%31%17%13%4,602
Believe in God; fairly certain31%30%21%17%3,108
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain31%26%24%20%1,224
Do not believe in God27%30%26%17%3,216
Other/don't know if they believe in God25%27%26%21%539
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Marital status among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who are…

Belief in GodMarriedLiving with a partnerDivorced/separatedWidowedNever marriedSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain50%7%14%8%21%4,614
Believe in God; fairly certain49%10%13%5%23%3,107
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain43%12%9%4%32%1,222
Do not believe in God39%11%9%2%38%3,215
Other/don't know if they believe in God48%8%13%4%27%537
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Parent of children under 18 among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who are…

Belief in GodParentsNon-parentsSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain28%72%4,627
Believe in God; fairly certain27%73%3,115
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain24%76%1,221
Do not believe in God22%78%3,215
Other/don't know if they believe in God25%75%537
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

BeliefsandPractices

Importance of religion in one's life among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say religion is…

Belief in GodVery importantSomewhat importantNot too importantNot at all importantDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain58%27%7%6%1%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain20%43%24%11%1%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain7%27%40%26%< 1%1,227
Do not believe in God2%7%22%68%1%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God4%17%37%40%1%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Attendance at religious services among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who attend religious services…

Belief in GodAt least once a weekOnce or twice a month/a few times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain36%37%27%< 1%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain15%41%44%< 1%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain5%36%59%< 1%1,227
Do not believe in God2%17%81%< 1%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God4%26%70%< 1%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of prayer among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who pray…

Belief in GodAt least dailyWeeklyMonthlySeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain65%17%5%12%1%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain29%24%11%36%< 1%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain13%12%11%64%< 1%1,227
Do not believe in God2%1%3%94%< 1%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God7%6%5%80%2%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who attend prayer group…

Belief in GodAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain25%9%9%57%1%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain8%6%7%79%< 1%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain3%2%4%91%< 1%1,227
Do not believe in God1%1%2%96%< 1%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God3%2%3%92%1%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of meditation among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who meditate…

Belief in GodAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain50%8%4%36%2%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain33%13%6%47%1%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain24%13%7%55%< 1%1,227
Do not believe in God19%9%5%67%1%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God25%9%6%58%1%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…

Belief in GodAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain67%14%9%10%1%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain43%19%15%22%1%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain33%19%13%34%1%1,227
Do not believe in God31%15%9%43%2%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God40%14%10%31%5%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…

Belief in GodAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain51%14%11%23%1%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain46%16%16%21%1%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain48%16%17%19%< 1%1,227
Do not believe in God46%18%14%22%1%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God51%16%13%18%2%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong

Belief in GodReligionPhilosophy/reasonCommon senseScienceDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain29%12%48%8%3%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain9%18%59%13%2%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain4%24%54%17%1%1,227
Do not believe in God1%20%51%27%1%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God3%20%56%16%5%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say…

Belief in GodThere are clear standards for what is right and wrongRight or wrong depends on the situationNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain30%67%1%1%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain21%78%1%1%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain18%80%1%1%1,227
Do not believe in God16%83%1%< 1%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God16%81%3%1%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Frequency of reading scripture among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who read scripture…

Belief in GodAt least once a weekOnce or twice a monthSeveral times a yearSeldom/neverDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain36%12%8%43%1%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain11%8%10%70%< 1%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain4%4%6%85%< 1%1,227
Do not believe in God2%3%5%91%< 1%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God5%4%4%87%< 1%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Interpreting scripture among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say the holy scripture is…

Belief in GodWord of God; should be taken literallyWord of God; not everything taken literallyWord of God; other/don't knowNot the word of GodOther/don't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain23%32%2%33%9%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain7%20%< 1%66%7%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain2%7%< 1%86%5%1,227
Do not believe in God< 1%1%< 1%96%3%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God< 1%2%1%86%10%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Belief in Heaven among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who …in heaven

Belief in GodBelieveDon't believeOther/don't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain65%29%6%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain45%48%7%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain21%73%6%1,227
Do not believe in God2%96%1%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God10%77%13%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

SocialandPoliticalViews

Party affiliation among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who identify as…

Belief in GodRepublican/lean Rep.No leanDemocrat/lean Dem.Sample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain31%24%44%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain29%17%54%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain23%12%65%1,227
Do not believe in God17%17%66%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God23%19%58%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Political ideology among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who are…

Belief in GodConservativeModerateLiberalDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain30%34%27%9%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain20%40%36%4%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain14%40%42%4%1,227
Do not believe in God12%31%52%5%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God14%36%44%6%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about size of government among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who would rather have…

Belief in GodSmaller government; fewer servicesBigger government; more servicesDependsDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain50%42%3%4%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain49%45%3%3%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain46%48%4%2%1,227
Do not believe in God43%51%3%3%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God50%35%8%7%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about government aid to the poor among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say government aid to the poor…

Belief in GodDoes more harm than goodDoes more good than harmNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain41%53%3%2%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain37%59%3%1%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain33%63%3%2%1,227
Do not believe in God28%67%3%1%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God32%57%8%3%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about abortion among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say abortion should be…

Belief in GodLegal in all/most casesIllegal in all/most casesDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain58%37%4%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain73%24%3%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain83%15%2%1,227
Do not believe in God87%10%3%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God84%11%5%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about homosexuality among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say homosexuality…

Belief in GodShould be acceptedShould be discouragedNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain68%25%4%4%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain84%11%3%2%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain87%10%2%1%1,227
Do not believe in God92%5%2%1%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God86%8%4%2%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about same-sex marriage among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who …same-sex marriage

Belief in GodStrongly favor/favorOppose/strongly opposeDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain60%32%8%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain78%16%6%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain83%14%3%1,227
Do not believe in God90%7%3%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God83%10%6%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about environmental regulation among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say…

Belief in GodStricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economyStricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the costNeither/both equallyDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain35%59%3%4%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain28%68%2%2%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain21%76%2%1%1,227
Do not believe in God18%78%1%2%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God22%71%3%5%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.

Views about human evolution among adults who do not believe in Hell by belief in God

% of adults who do not believe in Hell who say humans…

Belief in GodEvolved; due to natural processesEvolved; due to God's designEvolved; don't know howAlways existed in present formDon't knowSample size
Believe in God; absolutely certain27%30%5%34%5%4,636
Believe in God; fairly certain57%20%5%15%2%3,120
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain76%9%4%10%1%1,227
Do not believe in God89%3%1%5%1%3,226
Other/don't know if they believe in God79%4%11%3%3%541
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.