---
title: "Appendix"
description: "Overall, 70% of U.S. adults favor allowing any voter to vote by mail if they want to."
date: "2020-04-28"
authors:
  - name: "Sara Atske"
url: "https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2020/04/28/covid-19-elections-and-voting-appendix/"
---

# Appendix

### Vote-by-mail categorization for 2018

[![Categorization of vote by mail states](https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2020/04/PP_2020.04.28_covid-19-elections-and-voting_A-01.png)](https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/?attachment_id=20075017)

To categorize states for the vote-by-mail analysis, researchers used the Census Bureau’s 2018 Current Population Survey Voting and Registration Supplement data. This data was accessed through [CPS IPUMS database](https://cps.ipums.org/cps/) and contains information on the share of votes cast in person on Election Day, the percentage of votes cast in-person before Election Day, as well as the percentage of votes cast by mail.

States where 31% or more of voters cast ballots by mail in the 2018 midterm elections were categorized as “high” vote-by-mail states.

States where 10%-30% of voters cast ballots by mail were categorized as “medium,” and states where 0%-9% of voters cast ballots by mail were categorized as “low.”