---
title: "Appendix: References"
description: "Al Jazeera English, 2015. “The top Google searches in Syria.” Doha, Qatar: Al Jazeera English, September. Arthur, Charles. 2014. “Google Flu Trends is no longer good at predicting flu, scientists find.”  New York, NY: Guardian, March. BBC. 2017. “Languages across Europe: Turkey.” BBC News, May. BBC. 2016. “Who are the Kurds?” Middle East: BBC News, […]"
date: "2017-06-08"
authors:
  - name: "Travis Mitchell"
url: "https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2017/06/08/online-searches-eu-refugees-appendix-references/"
categories:
  - "Immigration & Migration"
  - "Mobile"
---

# Appendix: References

Al Jazeera English, 2015. “[The top Google searches in Syria](http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/09/top-google-searches-syria-150929151549994.html).” Doha, Qatar: Al Jazeera English, September.

Arthur, Charles. 2014. “[Google Flu Trends is no longer good at predicting flu, scientists find](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/mar/27/google-flu-trends-predicting-flu).” New York, NY: Guardian, March.

BBC. 2017. “[Languages across Europe: Turkey](http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/european_languages/countries/turkey.shtml).” BBC News, May.

BBC. 2016. “[Who are the Kurds?](http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-29702440)” Middle East: BBC News, March.

Conant, Eve, Matthew Chwastyk and Ryan Williams. 2015. “[The World’s Congested Human Migration Routes in 5 Maps](http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/09/150919-data-points-refugees-migrants-maps-human-migrations-syria-world/).” Washington, D.C.: National Geographic.

Connor, Phillip. 2017. “[European asylum applications remained near record levels in 2016](https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2017/03/15/european-asylum-applications-remained-near-record-levels-in-2016/).” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center, March.

Connor, Phillip. 2016. “[Illegal migration to EU rises for routes both well-worn and less-traveled](https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2016/03/18/illegal-migration-to-eu-rises-for-routes-both-well-worn-and-less-traveled/).” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center, March.

Connor, Phillip. 2016. “[Number of Refugees to Europe Surges to Record 1.3 Million in 2015](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2016/08/02/number-of-refugees-to-europe-surges-to-record-1-3-million-in-2015/).” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center, August.

Connor, Phillip and Jens Manuel Krogstad. 2016. “[Fewer refugees entering Europe than in 2015, but asylum backlog still growing](https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2016/09/06/fewer-refugees-entering-europe-than-in-2015-but-asylum-backlog-still-growing/).” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center, September.

Connor, Phillip. 2016. “[Italy on track to surpass Greece in refugee arrivals for 2016](https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2016/11/02/italy-on-track-to-surpass-greece-in-refugee-arrivals-for-2016/).” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center, November.

Deutsche Welle. 2017. “[Sharp drop in migrant arrivals in Germany](http://www.dw.com/en/sharp-drop-in-migrant-arrivals-in-germany/a-37087543).” Berlin, Germany: Deutsche Well, January.

Deutsche Welle. 2015. “[Germany suspends 'Dublin rules' for Syrians](http://www.dw.com/en/germany-suspends-dublin-rules-for-syrians/a-18671698).” Berlin, Germany: Deutsche Well, August.

Economist. 2017. “[Migrants with mobiles: Phones are now indispensable for refugees](http://www.economist.com/news/international/21716637-technology-has-made-migrating-europe-easier-over-time-it-will-also-make-migration).” London, United Kingdom: Economist, February.

European Commission. 2017. “[Country responsible for asylum application (Dublin)](https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/what-we-do/policies/asylum/examination-of-applicants_en).” Brussels, Belgium.

European Commission. 2017. “[Identification of applicants (EURODAC)](https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/what-we-do/policies/asylum/identification-of-applicants_en).” Brussels, Belgium.

European Council. 2016. “[Statement of the EU Heads of State or Government, 07/03/2016](http://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2016/03/07-eu-turkey-meeting-statement/).” Brussels, Belgium: European Council, March.

Federal Office for Migration and Refugees. 2016.“[Integration course figures](http://www.bamf.de/EN/Infothek/Statistiken/InGe/inge-node.html).” Berlin, Germany: Federal Office for Migration and Refugees, March.

Grunau, Andrea. 2016. “[Combating human traffickers – facts and questions](http://www.dw.com/en/combating-human-traffickers-facts-and-questions/a-36665147).” Berlin, Germany: Deutsche Welle, December.

Kirk, Ashley. 2016. “[Mapped: The journey that refugees are taking to get into Europe](http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/12121845/Mapped-The-journey-that-refugees-are-taking-to-get-into-Europe.html).” The Telegraph: London, UK: February.

Kozlowska, Hanna. 2015. “[The most crucial item that migrants and refugees carry is a smartphone](https://qz.com/500062/the-most-crucial-item-that-migrants-and-refugees-carry-is-a-smartphone/).” New York, NY: Quartz, September.

Matsa, Katerina Eva, Amy Mitchell and Galen Stocking. 2017. “[Searching for news: The Flint water crisis.](https://www.pewresearch.org/journalism/essay/searching-for-news/)” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center, April.

McVeigh, Tracy. 2015. “[Sympathy and solidarity for migrants on Kos beaches as two worlds collide](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jun/06/kos-migrants-tourists-greece-traffickers-sympathy-solidarity).” New York, NY: Guardian, June.

Republic of Turkey Prime Ministry. 2013. “[Syrian Refugees in Turkey, 2013](https://www.afad.gov.tr/upload/Node/3926/xfiles/syrian-refugees-in-turkey-2013_print_12_11_2013_eng.pdf).” Ankara, Turkey: Republic of Turkey Prime Ministry.

Return On Now. 2015. “[2015 Search Engine Market Share By Country](http://returnonnow.com/internet-marketing-resources/2015-search-engine-market-share-by-country/).” Austin, Texas: Return On Now.

Rosenfeld, Jesse. 2015. “[This is What Greece’s Refugee Crisis Really Looks Like](https://www.thenation.com/article/this-is-what-greeces-refugee-crisis-really-looks-like/).” New York, NY: The Nation, September.

Rowley, Tom. 2016. “[’The boat’s motor gave up. Anis got ready to swim. He looked from child to child. ‘Who would I save?’ Syrian refugee swimmer Rami Anis on his terrifying journey to the Olympics](http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/2016/07/16/the-boats-motor-gave-up-anis-got-ready-to-swim-he-looked-from-ch/).” London, United Kingdom: The Telegraph, July.

Sebti, Bassam. 2016. “[4 smartphone tools Syrian refugees use to arrive in Europe safely](http://blogs.worldbank.org/voices/4-smartphone-tools-Syrian-refugees-use-to-arrive-in-Europe-safely).” Washington, D.C.: The World Bank, February.

Stocking, Galeb and Katerina Eva Matsa. 2017. “[Using Google Trends data for research? Here are 6 questions to ask.](https://medium.com/@pewresearch/using-google-trends-data-for-research-here-are-6-questions-to-ask-a7097f5fb526)” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center, April.

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). 2016. “[Connecting refugees: How internet and mobile connectivity can improve refugee well-being and transform humanitarian action](http://www.unhcr.org/en-us/publications/operations/5770d43c4/connecting-refugees.html).” UNHCR, Geneva, Switzerland: July.

United Nations Population Fund . 2014. “[Estimating Migration Flows Using Online Search Data](http://www.unglobalpulse.org/sites/default/files/UNGP_ProjectSeries_Search_Migration_2014_0.pdf). Global Pulse Project Series no. 4. United Nations Population Fund.”