--- title: "Canadians Satisfied with U.S. Relationship" description: "Canadians have positive views of the U.S. and are generally satisfied with their relationship. But they disagree on whether to build the Keystone XL pipeline, with more Canadians opposed to the project compared with Americans." date: "2015-10-06" authors: - name: "Jacob Poushter" job_title: "Associate Director, Global Attitudes Research" link: "https://www.pewresearch.org/staff/jacob-poushter/" url: "https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/" categories: - "Barack Obama" - "Bilateral Relations" - "Climate, Energy & Environment" datasets: - name: "Spring 2015 Survey Data" url: "https://www.pewresearch.org/dataset/spring-2015-survey-data/" --- # Canadians Satisfied with U.S. Relationship ## Table of Contents 1. [Canadians Satisfied with U.S. Relationship](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/markdown) - [Majority of Canadians Have a Positive View of the U.S.](#majority-of-canadians-have-a-positive-view-of-the-u-s) - [Obama’s Ratings Remain High in Canada](#obamas-ratings-remain-high-in-canada) - [Most in Canada Prefer Current Relationship with U.S.](#most-in-canada-prefer-current-relationship-with-u-s) - [Divide over Keystone Pipeline among Canadians](#divide-over-keystone-pipeline-among-canadians) - [More Canadians Say Trans-Pacific Partnership Is a Good Thing](#more-canadians-say-trans-pacific-partnership-is-a-good-thing) - [Majority in Canada Prefer Economic Ties with U.S., but Many Say China Is Leading Economy](#majority-in-canada-prefer-economic-ties-with-u-s-but-many-say-china-is-leading-economy) - [ISIS Seen as Top International Threat](#isis-seen-as-top-international-threat) 2. [Methodology](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/methodology-16/markdown) [![Canadians Satisfied with Status Quo in U.S. Relationship](https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/10/Canada-Report-14.png)](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/canada-report-14/) [tweetable url="http://pewrsr.ch/Canada2015" alt="More than half (54%) say that Canada should remain about as close to the U.S. as it has been in recent years"] Furthermore, 68% of Canadians have a favorable view of their southern neighbor, a figure that has stayed fairly consistent since President Barack Obama took office in 2009. About three-quarters (76%) have confidence in the U.S. president. [![Divide on Keystone Pipeline in Canada](https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/10/Canada-Report-13.png)](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/canada-report-13/) [tweetable url="http://pewrsr.ch/Canada2015" alt="Almost half of Canadians (48%) oppose building the Keystone XL pipeline, while only 42% favor it"] Within Canada, the greatest backing for the pipeline comes from those who support the incumbent Conservative Party (72%) and in Alberta (65%), where the energy sector [accounts for](http://www.albertacanada.com/faq-about-alberta.aspx) 22% of the province’s gross domestic product and the oil sands region in question is located. On trade, Canadians and Americans show similar support for the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) – 52% and 49%, respectively, say it is a good thing for their countries. About three-in-ten in each country say TPP is a bad thing, with the rest undecided. Just this week, the U.S. and 11 other Pacific Rim nations, including Canada, [agreed to the deal](http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/06/business/trans-pacific-partnership-trade-deal-is-reached.html?&hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=first-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news&_r=0) at a meeting in Atlanta. Canada’s second-largest trading partner after the U.S. is China, but between the two, Canadians overwhelmingly favor the U.S. Only 39% of Canadians have a favorable view of China, and 73% say it is more important to have stronger ties with the U.S. than with China. In addition, an overwhelming majority in Canada says that China does not respect the personal freedoms of its people (86%), while 54% say the U.S. *does* respect human rights. Despite these findings, more Canadians think that China, not the U.S., is the world’s leading economic power, and many say China will either eventually replace the U.S. as the world’s leading superpower or has already done so. When thinking about international threats, Canadians are most concerned about the militant group ISIS, but also express concern about global climate change and Iran’s nuclear program. These are among the main findings of a Pew Research Center survey conducted among a nationally representative sample of 1,004 Canadians reached by telephone from May 4 to 15, 2015. ### Majority of Canadians Have a Positive View of the U.S. [![Canadians Consistently Hold Favorable View of U.S.](https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/10/Canada-Report-12.png)](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/canada-report-12/) [tweetable url="http://pewrsr.ch/Canada2015" alt="By a healthy margin, people in Canada have a positive view of the U.S."] Over time, sentiments toward the U.S. among Canadians have held fairly steady, although favorability dipped after the start of the Iraq War in 2003 and hit a low of 55% in 2007. However, even from 2003 through 2008, an era of low international opinion of the U.S., most Canadians held a favorable view of their southern neighbor. [![Partisan Divide on U.S. in Canada](https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/10/Canada-Report-11.png)](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/canada-report-11/) There is a sharp partisan divide when it comes to Canadians’ opinions of the U.S. Followers of the incumbent Conservative Party of Canada (CPC), led by current Prime Minister Stephen Harper, have the most positive views of the U.S. (84%). Among those who support the Liberal Party, 71% give the U.S. a thumbs-up. But among backers of the social-democratic New Democratic Party (NDP), only 58% have a favorable view of America. Despite these differences, majorities of all political stripes in Canada still have a favorable view of the U.S. [![Canadians See U.S. Most Favorably, Iran Least Favorably](https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/10/Canada-Report-10.png)](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/canada-report-10/) Among the other countries and institutions tested, the most admired is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). A 56% majority have a favorable view of the organization. Fewer Canadians have a positive opinion of other countries tested, including only 39% with a favorable view of China. Even fewer have positive views of Russia (26%) and Iran (16%). Sentiment toward China has fallen 19 percentage points since 2005 and positive views of Russia have been cut in half since 2007, when 52% of Canadians had a favorable view of their Arctic neighbor. Low opinion of Iran has remained steady since 2007. *(For more on views of Iran around the world, see *[*Iran’s Global Image Mostly Negative*](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/06/18/irans-global-image-mostly-negative/)*, released June 18, 2015. For more on global views of the U.S. and China, see *[*Global Publics Back U.S. on Fighting ISIS, but Are Critical of Post-9/11 Torture*](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/06/23/global-publics-back-u-s-on-fighting-isis-but-are-critical-of-post-911-torture/)*, released June 23, 2015. For more on international views of Russia, see *[*Russia, Putin Held in Low Regard around the World*](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/08/05/russia-putin-held-in-low-regard-around-the-world/)*, released August 5, 2015.)* ### Obama’s Ratings Remain High in Canada [![Most Canadians Confident in Obama](https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/10/Canada-Report-09.png)](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/canada-report-09/) [tweetable url="http://pewrsr.ch/Canada2015" alt="About three-quarters of Canadians (76%) have confidence in President Obama to handle international affairs"] ### Most in Canada Prefer Current Relationship with U.S. [![Demographic Differences in Canada on Closer Ties with U.S. ](https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/10/Canada-Report-08.png)](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/canada-report-08/) When asked about the U.S.-Canada relationship, more than half of Canadians (54%) say they want to remain about as close to the U.S. as they have been in recent years. Around a quarter (27%) say they want to be closer to their more populous neighbor, while only 16% express a desire to be less close. Men (32%) are more likely than women (22%) to desire closer ties. And English-speaking Canadians are more inclined to want a deeper relationship with the U.S. (27%) compared with French speakers (19%).[1. “English-speaking” are those who say they either usually speak English at home or do so more often if more than one language is spoken. “French-speaking” are those who say they either usually speak French at home or do so more often if more than one language is spoken.] CPC and Liberal supporters are also more likely to want closer ties with the U.S. (40% and 35%, respectively), compared with NDP supporters (16%). ### Divide over Keystone Pipeline among Canadians [![Wide Demographic Differences in Support for Keystone XL Pipeline](https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/10/Canada-Report-07.png)](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/canada-report-07/) Overall, 42% of Canadians favor building the Keystone XL pipeline, which would run from Canada’s oil sands region in Alberta through the American Midwest. Nearly half (48%) oppose the project. Comparatively, as of November 2014, 59% of Americans favored the pipeline, with only 31% opposed. Despite a mixed assessment of the Keystone project among the entire Canadian populace, there are significant demographic differences within the country. [tweetable url="http://pewrsr.ch/Canada2015" alt="Nearly two-thirds (65%) in Alberta favor building the Keystone XL pipeline through their oil sands region"] There is also greater support for the pipeline among high-income Canadians (making over 100,000 Canadian dollars per year), those ages 50 and older, men, those with a high school education or less and English speakers. ### More Canadians Say Trans-Pacific Partnership Is a Good Thing [![General Support for TPP in U.S., Canada](https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/10/Canada-Report-06.png)](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/canada-report-06/) [tweetable url="http://pewrsr.ch/Canada2015" alt="Just about half in Canada (52%) support #TPP"] [![Conservatives, Albertans More Supportive of TPP](https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/10/Canada-Report-05.png)](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/canada-report-05/) CPC supporters are the most favorable toward the free-trade agreement, with 70% saying it is a good thing for their country. Liberals also support the deal. However, only 42% among NDP supporters think TPP is a good thing for Canada, while a nearly equal 45% say it is a bad thing. The NDP’s leader, Tom Mulcair, has [expressed skepticism](http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/canada-election-2015-tom-mulcair-says-stephen-harper-is-weak-and-vulnerable-on-tpp-talks-1.3178689) of the huge, U.S.-led trade deal. There are also regional divides in the TPP issue. Albertans (60% good thing) are more inclined toward the deal than Ontarians (47%) and British Columbians (44%). Additionally, men express greater support for the free-trade agreement compared with women. ### Majority in Canada Prefer Economic Ties with U.S., but Many Say China Is Leading Economy [![Canadians Favor Strong Economic Ties with U.S.](https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/10/Canada-Report-04.png)](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/canada-report-04/) The U.S. is by far Canada’s largest trading partner, accounting for $707 billion in goods and private services trade between the [two countries in 2012](https://ustr.gov/countries-regions/americas/canada). When asked whether it is more important to have strong economic ties with China or the U.S., 73% of Canadians choose the U.S. Only 13% would favor stronger economic ties with China. Despite these sentiments, Canadians tend to believe that China, and not the U.S., is the world’s leading economic power. A 46% plurality of Canadians say that China is the top economy, while just 34% name the U.S. French-speaking Canadians (58%) and followers of the NDP (57%) are more likely to name China as the world’s leading economy, compared with English speakers (43%) and both Liberals (44%) and CPC supporters (40%). [tweetable url="http://pewrsr.ch/Canada2015" alt="52% of Canadians say China will replace or already has replaced the U.S. as the world’s leading superpower"] [![Few Canadians Think China Respects Personal Freedoms](https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/10/Canada-Report-03.png)](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/canada-report-03/) [tweetable url="http://pewrsr.ch/Canada2015" alt="There has been a significant decline in Canadians’ views of America’s commitment to human rights in the past 2 years"] Canadians making more than CA$100,000 are more likely to say the U.S. respects personal freedoms (61%) compared with Canadians who make less than CA$50,000 (46%). CPC backers (70%) are also more likely to say the U.S. government respects human rights compared with Liberals (59%) and NDP supporters (42%). ### ISIS Seen as Top International Threat [![Canadians Most Concerned about ISIS](https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/10/Canada-Report-02.png)](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/canada-report-02/) [tweetable url="http://pewrsr.ch/Canada2015" alt="Roughly six-in-ten Canadians (58%) say they are very concerned about ISIS"] Fewer are very concerned about tensions between Russia and its neighbors, global economic instability and territorial disputes with China. *(For more on global views of international threats, see *[*Climate Change Seen as Top Global Threat*](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/07/14/climate-change-seen-as-top-global-threat/)*, released July 14, 2015.)* Across the threats tested, there are substantial differences on acute concern by gender, age and party. [![Women and Older Canadians More Concerned about Range of Threats](https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/10/Canada-Report-01.png)](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/canadians-satisfied-with-u-s-relationship/canada-report-01/) On four of the international issues, women are significantly more concerned than men. This includes two-thirds of women who are very concerned about ISIS, compared with only 49% of men. Older Canadians (those ages 50 and older) are particularly worried about most of these international threats. Fully 72% are very concerned about the ISIS threat, compared with only 42% of Canadians 18 to 29 years old. Older Canadians are also more concerned about Iran’s nuclear program, cyberattacks, tensions with Russia and territorial disputes with China compared with younger Canadians. There are also significant partisan differences on the international threats tested. CPC supporters are more concerned about ISIS (74% very concerned) and Iran’s nuclear program (61%) compared with both Liberal and NDP supporters. Both Conservatives and Liberals are also more concerned about cyberattacks and tensions with Russia compared with Canadians who support the NDP. However, NDP supporters are much more concerned about the threat of global climate change (60% very concerned) compared with Liberals (48%) and especially CPC backers (27%). --- **Next:** [Methodology](https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/10/06/methodology-16.md)